延迟采收对马家柚鲜食品质的影响  

Effects of Late Harvesting on the Fresh Eating Quality of Citrus maxima(L.)Osbeck‘Majiayou’

作　　者：王瑞庆 付震 王弋 龚世富 胡鸿飞 肖静 WANG Ruiqing;FU Zhen;WANG Yi;GONG Shifu;HU Hongfei;XIAO Jing(School of Life Science,Shangrao Normal University,Shangrao Jiangxi 334001,China)

机构地区：[1]上饶师范学院生命科学学院,江西上饶334001

出　　处：《上饶师范学院学报》2024年第3期58-66,共9页Journal of Shangrao Normal University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(31701521);江西省应用研究培育计划项目(20181BBF68014)。

摘　　要：以在常规采收期(11月上旬)内采收的马家柚和延迟1个月(12月上旬)采收的马家柚为材料,研究延迟采收对马家柚果实外观特性、基本理化指标及其主要营养成分的影响,探讨延迟采收马家柚的外观指标与其可溶性固形物含量的相关性,从而评价延迟采收对马家柚鲜食品质的影响,以明确马家柚鲜果较为适宜的采收期,保证马家柚鲜果延迟采收后的销售质量,提升马家柚果实的鲜食品质。结果表明:与常规采收期的马家柚相比,延迟1个月采收的马家柚的果实大小、重量、酸碱度(pondus hydrogenii,pH)、可食率、出汁率和柚皮苷含量无显著性变化(p>0.05),果实可滴定酸(titrable acidity,TA)含量显著升高(p<0.05),可溶性固形物含量(soluble solids content,SSC)、总酚含量和维生素C含量均极显著增加(p<0.01),果皮a^(*)值(红绿程度)、b^(*)值(黄蓝程度)及果肉的b^(*)值显著升高(p<0.05);马家柚果实的SSC与其果皮的a^(*)值和b^(*)值呈极显著相关关系(p<0.01)。因此,延迟1个月采收不会影响马家柚鲜果的产量,还可以增加马家柚果实的风味和营养物质,建议马家柚鲜果可以延迟到12月上旬进行采收。Using Citrus maxima(L.)Osbeck‘Majiayou’harvested during the regular harvest period(early November)and Citrus maxima(L.)Osbeck‘Majiayou’harvested one month late(early December)as materials,this study investigated the effects of late harvesting on the appearance characteristics,basic physicochemical indicators,and main nutritional components of Citrus maxima(L.)Osbeck‘Majiayou’fruit.The correlation between the appearance indicators of late harvested Citrus maxima(L.)Osbeck‘Majiayou’and its soluble solids content was explored to evaluate the impact of late harvesting on the fresh eating quality of Citrus maxima(L.)Osbeck‘Majiayou’,clarify the suitable late harvesting period for Citrus maxima(L.)Osbeck‘Majiayou’fresh fruit,ensure the sales quality of Citrus maxima(L.)Osbeck‘Majiayou’fresh fruit after late harvesting,and improve the fresh food quality of Citrus maxima(L.)Osbeck‘Majiayou’late harvested fruit.The results showed that compared with the regular harvesting period of Citrus maxima(L.)Osbeck‘Majiayou’,the fruit size,weight,pondus hydrogeni(pH),edibility,juice yield,and naringin content of Citrus maxima(L.)Osbeck‘Majiayou’harvested one month later showed no significant changes(p>0.05),the titratable acid content of the fruit significantly increased(p<0.05),and the soluble solids content(SSC),total phenolic content,and vitamin C content all significantly increased(p<0.01),the red green degree(a^(*)),yellow blue degree(b^(*))of the fruit peel,and b^(*)of the flesh were significantly increased(p<0.05);The SSC of Citrus maxima(L.)Osbeck‘Majiayou’fruit was significantly correlated with the a^(*)and b^(*)of its peel(p<0.01).Therefore,delaying harvesting for one month would not affect the yield of Citrus maxima(L.)Osbeck‘Majiayou’fresh fruit,but could also increase its flavor and nutritional content.It is recommended that Citrus maxima(L.)Osbeck‘Majiayou’fresh fruit be harvested in early December.

关 键 词：马家柚 延迟采收 常规采收 鲜食品质 

分 类 号：S666.3[农业科学—果树学]