济南市槐荫区儿童青少年脊柱侧弯流行病学特征及影响因素分析  

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of scoliosis among children and adolescents in Huaiyin district,Jinan city

作　　者：李岩[1] 魏淑兰 门道城 刘梅兰 杨红 王希提[1] LI Yan;WEI Shu-lan;MEN Dao-cheng;LIU Mei-lan;YANG Hong;WANG Xi-ti(Public Health Department,Huaiyin District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jinan city,Shandong 250022,China)

机构地区：[1]济南市槐荫区疾病预防控制中心公共卫生部,山东250022

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2024年第6期421-426,共6页Preventive Medicine Tribune

基　　金：山东省济南市卫生健康委员会公共卫生计划专项项目(2023-公-10)。

摘　　要：目的了解济南市槐荫区儿童青少年脊柱侧弯流行病学特征及其影响因素。方法于2023年按照多阶段完全随机整群抽样法,以济南市槐荫区7所中小学校共1717名四年级至高三年级学生为调查对象,开展脊柱侧弯筛查和相关影响因素问卷调查。采用SPSS24.0统计软件进行数据分析,用logistic回归模型分析脊柱侧弯的影响因素。结果调查的学生中脊柱侧弯检出率为5.59%(96/1717),其中女生检出率为6.57%(55/837),男生检出率为4.66%(41/880)。小学、初中、高中和职高的检出率分别为0.9%(4/470)、4.0%(19/481)、7.4%(36/487)和13.3%(37/279),呈递增趋势(χ^(2)=56.551,P<0.001)。学段、BMI为脊柱侧弯的影响因素,学段中初中(OR=0.086,95%CI:0.028~0.266,P<0.005)、高中(OR=0.325,95%CI:0.145~0.731,P<0.005)相对于小学为危险因素;BMI中超重或肥胖(OR=0.483,95%CI:0.277~0.843,P<0.005)相对于正常为脊柱侧弯的保护因素。结论济南市槐荫区中小学生脊柱侧弯检出率偏高,高中/职高学生是重点关注对象。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of scoliosis among children and adolescents in Huaiyin district.Methods In 2023,according to the principle of multi-stage completely random cluster sampling,a total of 1717 students from grade 4 of primary school to grade 3 of high school from 7 primary and secondary schools in Huaiyin district were investigated for scoliosis screening and related influencing factors.SPSS 24.0 were used for statistical analysis and logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of scoliosis.Results The detection rate of scoliosis was 5.59%(96/1717),with a detection rate of 6.57%(55/837)for females and 4.66%(41/880)for males.The detection rates for primary school,middle school/high school,and vocational high school were 0.9%(4/470),4.0%(19/481),7.4%(36/487),and 13.3%(37/279),respectively,showing an increasing trend(χ^(2)=56.551,P<0.001).The results of multivariate logistic regression school stage and BMI were factors that affected scoliosis,while middle and high school(OR=0.086,95%CI:0.028-0.266,P<0.001)and high school(OR=0.007,95%CI:0.145-0.731,P=0.007)were risk factors relative to primary school;Overweight or obesity(OR=0.483,95%CI:0.277-0.843,P=0.010)in BMI was a protective factor for scoliosis compared to normal.Conclusion The detection rate of scoliosis among primary and secondary school students in Huaiyin district is relatively high,and high school/vocational school students are the focus of attention.

关 键 词：儿童 青少年 脊柱侧弯 流行病学特征 影响因素 

分 类 号：R682.3[医药卫生—骨科学] G478[医药卫生—外科学]