基于机器视觉的目标跟踪研究  

Research on Target Tracking Based on Machine Vision

作　　者：李冬梅 杨春丽 刘光宇 LI Dongmei;YANG Chunli;LIU Guangyu(School of Engineering,Dali University,Dali Yunnan 671003,China)

机构地区：[1]大理大学工程学院,云南大理671003

出　　处：《河北软件职业技术学院学报》2024年第3期20-24,共5页Journal of Hebei Software Institute

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目“基于自旋交换泵浦技术的高透过率、超窄带原子滤光器的研究”(62065001);云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目“基于Radon变换核特征空间决策的海洋目标检测”(2024Y855);海洋智能装备与系统教育部重点实验室开放基金项目“基于深度CNN的海底废弃物识别技术”(MIES-2023-02)。

摘　　要：目前计算机视觉领域研究的一大热点问题是目标跟踪,而该领域中出现最早的算法是目标跟踪算法。针对这项研究,采用三帧差法、Mean shift算法和Cam shift算法来对一段存在目标遮挡及目标背景相似的视频进行目标跟踪实验,并对三种算法的跟踪效果进行比较。Mean shift算法有较高的实时性和鲁棒性,但在跟踪过程中,跟踪窗口的大小需保持不变,当跟踪目标发生形变时,容易跟踪失败;Cam shift算法以运动目标的颜色为特征,对光照变化不敏感,有利于目标的跟踪,但在复杂背景下容易出现目标丢失;三帧差法做了两次差分运算,为目标跟踪提供了更大的可能,实现简单,运行速度快,自适应性强,并且对场景光线变化不敏感。实验结果表明:在目标遮挡和背景相似的情况下,Mean shift算法和Cam shift算法跟踪效果较差,而三帧差法可以准确地跟踪目标,跟踪效果良好。Target tracking is a hot topic in the field of computer vision,and the earliest algorithm in this field is target tracking.In this study,three frame difference method,Mean shift algorithm and Cam shift algorithm are used to carry out target tracking experiments on a video with target occlusion and similar target background,and the tracking effects of the three algorithms are compared.Mean shift algorithm has high real-time performance and robustness,but the size of tracking window remains unchanged during tracking,and tracking failure is easy when the tracking target is deformed.Cam shift algorithm is characterized by the color of moving target and is insensitive to illumination change,which is conducive to target tracking,but it is easy to lose target in complex background.The three-frame difference method makes two difference operations to provide greater possibility for target tracking,which is simple to realize,fast to run,strong adaptability,and insensitive to the change of scene light.The experimental results show that Mean shift algorithm and Cam shift algorithm have poor tracking effect when the target occlusion and background are similar,while the three-frame difference method can track the target accurately and has good tracking effect.

关 键 词：目标跟踪 三帧差法 Mean shift算法 Cam shift算法 

分 类 号：TP391.41[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]