“王国文明”时期江淮地区冶铜业发展阶段研究  

Stage of the Development of Copper Smelting Industry during the‘Kingdom Civilization’Period in the Jianghuai Region

作　　者：张爱冰[1] 陈宁[1] Zhang Aibin;Chen Ning

机构地区：[1]安徽大学历史学院

出　　处：《考古与文物》2024年第9期49-58,共10页Archaeology and Cultural Relics

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“安徽沿江地区矿冶遗址调查与综合研究”(编号:17ZDA222)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：文章通过对近年来江淮地区夏商周时期聚落和矿冶遗址考古资料和相关历史文献的梳理研究,认为“王国文明”时期江淮地区冶铜业的发展可分为三个阶段:夏王朝时期铜基冶金的建立、商王朝时期冶铜术的垄断和周王朝时期冶铜术的扩散。淮夷至少在西周时期已经掌握了冶铜术,历史上所谓“江南金锡”“吴越金锡”和“南金”应不仅指长江以南所出,还应包括整个江淮地区的铜产品。江淮地区既有广泛的铜矿开采和青铜冶铸活动,就不仅仅是东南金锡入贡或交易的一条通道。如果冶铜术经由欧亚大陆传播至中原地区,江淮地区冶铜术应由中原王朝主导,经由中原地区传入。This article posits that the development of copper smelting industry in the Jianghuai region during the‘Kingdom Civilization’period can be divided into three stages:the establishment of copper-based metallurgy during the Xia Dynasty,the monopoly of copper smelting during the Shang Dynasty,and the diffusion of copper smelting during the Zhou Dynasty.The Huaiyi(淮夷)had already mastered copper smelting techniques by at least the Western Zhou Dynasty.Historical texts referring to‘Jiangnan Jinxi’(江南金锡),‘Wuyue Jinxi’(吴越金锡),and‘Nanjin’(南金)should encompass not only copper products from south of the Yangtze River but also those from the entire Jianghuai region,where extensive copper mining and bronze casting activities occurred.Thus,this region did not merely serve as a corridor for the tribute or trade of gold and tin from the southeast.If copper smelting techniques were indeed transmitted to the Central Plains via the Eurasian continent,the techniques in the Jianghuai region should have been led by the Central Plains dynasty and introduced through the Central Plains region.

关 键 词：王国文明 江淮地区 冶铜业 发展阶段 

分 类 号：K221[历史地理—历史学]