人地耦合视角下喀斯特石漠化地区生态系统服务提升  

Improving ecosystem services in rocky desertification areas of South China karst from the perspective of coupling human and natural systems

作　　者：岳跃民[1,2] 王克林[1,2] 罗为群[3] 韦霄[4] 李德军[1,2] 张伟[5] 吴协保 YUE Yuemin;WANG Kelin;LUO Weiqun;WEI Xiao;LI Dejun;ZHANG Wei;WU Xiebao(Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410125,China;Huanjiang Observation and Research Station of Karst Ecosystem,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Karst Ecological Processes and Services,Huanjiang 547100,China;Institute of Karst Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Guilin 541004,China;Guangxi Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guilin 541006,China;Guangxi Institute of Industrial Technology,Nanning 530012,China;Institute of Central South Inventory and Planning,National Forestry and Grassland Administration of China,Changsha 410014,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,长沙410125 [2]中国科学院环江喀斯特生态系统观测研究站广西喀斯特生态过程与服务重点实验室,环江547100 [3]中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所,桂林541004 [4]广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物所,桂林541006 [5]广西壮族自治区产业技术研究院,南宁530012 [6]国家林业和草原局中南调查规划院,长沙410014

出　　处：《生态学报》2024年第18期8159-8164,共6页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF1300700);国家自然科学基金项目(41930652,U20A2048)。

摘　　要：针对喀斯特石漠化治理转型面临恢复效果区域差异大、生态功能稳定性弱、忽视社会系统与生态系统的协同等问题,系统梳理了当前我国石漠化治理存在的主要挑战与科技需求,提出从侧重自然生态系统转向社会-生态系统的整体性视角,以区域生态系统服务整体提升为目标,聚焦喀斯特关键带地上-地下耦合过程,加强石漠化与社会-生态过程的互馈机制、功能微生物-钙协同促进土壤碳氮高效固持机理、基岩生境植被恢复关键带水分养分保障机制等研究,突破喀斯特社会-生态系统耦合、岩溶多界面蓄水-保土协同增效、岩土组构与生态位互补的植被群落改造、生物固氮与有机废弃物高效利用的种养协调、生态-岩溶过程协同的固碳能力提升等关键技术,形成喀斯特生态产品供给能力提升与农业产业转型协同的绿色发展模式,有助于实现喀斯特区域人地耦合与生态系统服务整体提升,为西南喀斯特地区石漠化治理工程与乡村振兴提供科技支撑。The Chinese government has taken significant ecological restoration measures to address the challenges of rocky desertification and poverty in South China karst.Nevertheless,despite the ongoing reduction of rocky desertification and the rapid growth in vegetation coverage,the sustainability of“greening”in the karst region remains uncertain due to its fragile geological background.To effectively address the challenges and technological demands associated with regional variations in restoration effects,the instability of ecological functions,and the neglect of the synergy between social and ecological systems in the context of karst rocky desertification treatment,the primary focus of early-stage measures has shifted from solely natural ecological systems to the coupling human and natural systems.The overarching objective is to strengthen the overall provision of ecosystem services.This endeavor encompasses the analysis of the social-ecological feedback mechanisms underlying rocky desertification treatment,the synergistic interplay between functional microorganisms and calcium in facilitating efficient soil carbon and nitrogen retention,the mechanisms governing water and nutrient supply in karst critical zones for vegetation restoration in rocky habitats.Then,the corresponding key technologies development breakthroughs will focus on the integration of karst social-ecological systems.Additionally,collaborative technologies development efforts will be made to enhance water retention and soil conservation in multi-interface karst,reconstruct vegetation communities based on rock-soil composition and ecological niche complementarity,coordinate cropping and breeding through the combination of biological nitrogen fixation and the efficient utilization of organic waste,and enhance carbon sequestration capacity through the synergy of ecological and karst processes.These pivotal technologies aim to form a comprehensive socio-ecological solution for the integration of ecosystem services improvement and rural revitalizatio

关 键 词：喀斯特 石漠化 社会-生态过程 关键带 生态系统服务提升 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]