台湾地区高校招生考试引导学生素质发展的历史、机制与经验  

The History,Mechanism and Experience of Taiwan's College Entrance Examination in Guiding Student Quality Development

作　　者：李木洲 傅冠华 LI Muzhou;FU Guanhua(Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学,杭州310058

出　　处：《中国考试》2024年第10期94-103,共10页journal of China Examinations

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学2020年度重大课题攻关项目“高校考试招生改革引导学生德智体美劳全面发展研究”(20JZD050)。

摘　　要：高校招生考试作为上连高等教育和下引基础教育的枢纽环节,对于引导学生素质发展具有重要作用。为适应地区经济社会发展对人才素质需求的变化,我国台湾地区高校招生考试制度历经了知识本位导向、能力本位导向和核心素养导向三个发展阶段,至今已形成以多元化入学通道促进多元人才培养、多面向综合评价引导学生全面发展、多资料参考录取激励学生适性学习的三大作用机制。结合新时代教育评价改革总体目标,台湾地区高校招生考试改革的历史经验与作用机制,对于中国内地构建引导学生德智体美劳全面发展的高校招生考试制度体系具有三个方面的启示:1)优化多元入学通道体系,增强多元通道的入学分流功能;2)完善综合评价招生机制,加强综合评价的学习引导功能;3)发挥高校招生主体作用,赋予高校更多自主选才职能。As a pivotal link connecting higher education and guiding basic education,the college entrance examination plays a significant role in fostering student quality development.In response to the evolving demands of talent quality aligned with regional socio-economic development,Taiwan’s college entrance examination system has undergone three key transformations:knowledge-oriented,ability-oriented,and core competency-oriented.The current system features three main mechanisms for guiding student quality development:diversified admission channels for cultivating varied talents,comprehensive multi-dimensional evaluations for holistic student development,and adaptive learning incentives through the use of multiple data sources in admissions.Considering the Chinese mainland's educational evaluation reform goals in the new era,Taiwan's historical experience and functional mechanisms in guiding student quality development through college entrance examinations offer several insights for the Chinese mainland in constructing a system that fosters the all-round development of morality,intelligence,physique,aesthetics,and labor:1)establishing a reasonable system of diversified admission channels;2)improving the comprehensive evaluation mechanism in college admissions;and 3)strengthening the primary role of universities in the admission process.

关 键 词：台湾地区高校招生考试 学生素质 多元入学 综合评价 录取机制 

分 类 号：G405[文化科学—教育学原理]