三江并流区干旱河谷藏民对人类福祉和生态系统服务的感知  

Perception of Human Well-Being and Ecosystem Services by Tibetans in the Dry Valleys of the Three-Parallel-Rivers Area

作　　者：祖悦晴 唐海萍 陈玉福[2] 姚冠桐 陈宇超 陈元龙 ZU Yueqing;TANG Haiping;CHEN Yufu;YAO Guantong;CHEN Yuchao;CHEN Yuanlong(School of Natural Resources,Faculty of Geographical Science,Beijing 100875;Faculty of Arts and Sciences,Guangdong Zhuhai 519087,Beijing Normal University,China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Faculty of Information Technology,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学地理科学学部自然资源学院,北京100875 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [3]北京师范大学文理学院,广东珠海519087 [4]北京工业大学信息学部,北京100124

出　　处：《山地学报》2024年第4期483-495,共13页Mountain Research

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合考察研究项目(2019QZKK0606)。

摘　　要：人类福祉,从个体生活质量与满意度出发,可用来评估社会发展成效与政府决策有效性。评估利益相关者对人类福祉和生态系统服务的感知,确定福祉与生态系统服务之间关系,是生态保护与提升乡村福祉的重要依据。然而,针对山区开展的乡村福祉和服务感知研究较少,对细分各种类型的服务和各维度福祉的关系仍未予以充分探索,且缺乏对三江并流区干旱河谷这一特殊地区的关注。本研究通过面对面问卷调查和半结构化访谈,定量评估三江并流区干旱河谷藏族居民的福祉水平和其对生态系统服务的感知,并分析两者的相关性。研究发现:(1)三江并流区干旱河谷藏民的福祉总体水平为3.95,五个福祉维度中,最高为良好的社会关系(4.42),其次为安全(4.07)、基本物质需求(4.06)和健康(3.93),而自由和选择得分最低(3.43)。(2)当地藏民对调节服务和文化服务的满意度更高,最重视“水供给和水质”这一供给服务。(3)在福祉维度中,自由和选择与生态系统服务感知的关系最紧密,且呈正相关关系,而基本物质需求与服务感知的关系最弱。(4)推动地区产业发展、创造更多样的工作机会以及提升藏民对生态系统服务的感知,有助于提升自由和选择维度的福祉。本研究结果可为提升干旱河谷区藏民福祉及乡村振兴政策制定提供科学依据。Human well-being,from the view of individual's quality of life and satisfaction,can be used to assess the effectiveness of social development and government decision-making.Assessing stakeholders perception of human well-being and ecosystem services and determining the relationship between well-being and ecosystem services is an important basis for ecological protection and planning the updating of rural well-being.However,little attention was paid to the perceptions of well-being and ecosystem services in mountainous areas,and the relationships between various types of ecosystem services and dimensions of well-being had not been fully elaborated,particularly no effects to be made to the rural well-being in dry valleys of the three-parallel-rivers area of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,China.In this study,it conducted face-to-face questionnaires and semi-structured interviews to collect the perception of human well-being and ecosystem services by Tibetan residents in the dry valleys of the three-parallel-rivers area of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,China,and then quantitatively analyzed the correlation between the two.(1)Overall well-being among Tibetan residents in the dry valleys of the three-parallel-rivers area was 3.95,with the highest dimension being good social relationships(4.42),followed by security(4.07),basic materials demand for a good life(4.06),and health(3.93),while freedom of choice and action(3.43)scored the lowest.(2)Local Tibetan residents were particularly satisfied with regulating services and cultural services,mostly concerning about provisioning services:water supply and water quality.(3)Among the varied dimensions of well-being,freedom of choice and action were most strongly and positively related to the perceptions of ecosystem services,but the weakest to the basic materials for a good life.(4)Efforts,such as promoting regional industrial development,creating diverse job opportunities,and enhancing residents perception of ecosystem services contributed to improving the freedom of choice and action

关 键 词：三江并流区 青藏高原 访谈 主观福祉 生态系统服务感知 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]