本科专业教育内涵的流变与发展路向  

The Evolution and Development Directions of Undergraduate Major Education

作　　者：阎光才[1] YAN Guang-cai(Institute of Higher Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学高等教育研究所,上海200062

出　　处：《高等教育研究》2024年第4期58-67,共10页Journal of Higher Education

基　　金：文化名家暨“四个一批”人才工程资助项目。

摘　　要：现代意义本科层次教育的历史并不悠久,将其定位于专业教育则始于20世纪初美国高等教育制度的创新。因为特殊的历史渊源,现代中国的本科教育带有苏联模式与美国模式糅杂的特征。正是这种特征致使我国本科教育定位在通与专、宽与深之间有些左右失据,课程数量膨胀且不同专业课程的有机联系不足,内容难以达到深度学习的要求。当前我国本科专业教育发展的基本路向应为开放专业选择空间,结合专业发展前景增设可供选择的主修方向,压缩专业课程总体规模,增强课程的体系化与结构性,扩大专业核心与主干课程内容,以专业理论与实践相融合全面提升学生的专业素养。The history of modern undergraduate education is relatively short,and its po-sitioning as specialized education was the result of the American higher education system in-novation around the turn of the 20th century.Due to unique historical circumstances,mod-ern undergraduate education in China exhibits a blend of Soviet and American models.This hybrid nature has led to a somewhat uncertain positioning of undergraduate education be-tween general and specialized,breadth and depth,resulting in an expansion of course num-bers,insufficient interconnection between different major courses,and difficulties in achie-ving the required depth of study.The current fundamental directions for the development of undergraduate education are as follows:expanding the space for undergraduate major selec-tion,reducing the scale of specialized courses,strengthening the systematization and struc-turing of courses,and comprehensively enhancing students'professional literacy and skills through the integration of theory and practice.

关 键 词：本科 专业 主修 课程体系 

分 类 号：G642.0[文化科学—高等教育学]