结合TMG探究超等长训练对足球运动员移动能力及下肢肌肉的影响  

Exploring the Influence of Plyometric Exercise on the Mobility and Lower Limb Muscles of Football Players Combined with TMG

作　　者：梅金宇 盖文翔 MEI Jinyu;GAI Wenxiang(Physical Education Department,Harbin Institute of Technology,Weihai,Weihai,Shandong Province,264209 China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学(威海)校区体育教学部,山东威海264209

出　　处：《当代体育科技》2024年第26期1-5,共5页Contemporary Sports Technology

基　　金：2024年度北京市教育科学“十三五”规划青年专项课题(项目名称:北京市中小学劳动教育评价体系研究,项目编号:ADCA2020104)。

摘　　要：目的:结合肌肉状态测试分析仪(TMG),将超等长训练与常规力量素质训练进行对比,寻求并证实有效提升足球运动员移动能力及下肢肌肉状态的训练方法。方法:将北京体育大学男子足球校队中的20名受试者随机平均分为实验组和对照组,两组受试者共同进行9周的实验干预,共3个阶段,从而探究超等长训练对运动员移动能力及下肢肌肉状态的影响。结果与结论:超等长训练与常规力量素质训练均可有效提升移动能力与下肢肌肉状态;进行4~6周的超等长训练对提高移动能力和改善下肢肌肉状态的效果最佳,7~9周的提升与改善效果并不明显;运用超等长训练所测得TMG肌肉状态指标肌肉收缩时间(Tc)、肌肉放松时间(Tr)、肌肉反应时间(Td)、肌肉持续紧张时间(Ts)在前6周内均有显著提升,而肌肉径向位移(Dm)改善幅度不大;超等长训练短期内对于运动员的下肢肌肉刺激更有效,有助于提高运动员的移动能力与下肢肌肉状态。Objective:To compare Plyometric exercise with conventional strength training in combination with Tensiomyography(TMG)to find and confirm an effective training method for improving mobility and lower limb muscle condition of football players.Methods:Twenty subjects from the men's football school team of Beijing Sport University are randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group.The subjects in the two groups underwent a 9-week training experiment intervention,a total of three stages,so as to explore the effects of Plyometric exercise on the athletes'mobility and lower limb muscle condition.Results and Conclusions:Both the Plyometric exercise and the conventional strength training can effectively improve the mobility and lower limb muscle status;The best effect of performing Plyometric exercise is to improve mobility and limb muscle condition at 4-6 weeks,while the improvement effect is not significant in 7-9 weeks;The TMG muscle state indexes measured by Plyometric exercise are significantly improved in the first 6 weeks,including muscle contraction time(Tc),muscle relaxation time(Tr),muscle reaction time(Td)and muscle tension duration(Ts),while the improvement of muscle radial displacement(Dm)is not significant;Plyometric exercise is more effective in stimulating athletes'lower limb muscles in the short term,helping to improve athletes'mobility and lower limb muscle condition.

关 键 词：超等长训练 足球运动员 移动能力 肌肉状态 

分 类 号：G804[文化科学—运动人体科学]