武汉市轨道交通TOD绩效评估与类型划分——“节点-场所-功能”模型的实证应用  

Evaluation and classification of TOD performance for Wuhan railtransit: Empirical application of the “Node-Place-Function” model

作　　者：安睿 仝照民 王梓蒙 吴子豪 庞博文 杨佳明 刘耀林[2] AN Rui;TONG Zhaomin;WANG Zimeng;WU Zihao;PANG Bowen;YANG Jiaming;LIU Yaolin(School of Geography and Tourism,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi'an 710119,China;School of Resource and Environmental Sciences,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;School of Public Policy&Management,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,西安710119 [2]武汉大学资源与环境科学学院,武汉430072 [3]中国矿业大学公共管理学院,徐州221116

出　　处：《地理研究》2024年第10期2684-2701,共18页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(42230107)。

摘　　要：通过全面评估各地铁站域内公交导向发展(TOD)绩效并划分类型,大都市可以精准制定鼓励交通和用地良性互动的开发策略以缓解城市问题。传统的2D指标忽略了城市是立体化发展的典型对象,其密度/强度指标也忽略了POI类型间潜在的功能组合。因此,本文引入街道/建筑3D形态及POI功能语义等新型指标重构“节点-场所-功能”框架,测度武汉市188个站域的TOD绩效并采用KMeans划分为六类,进而探索TOD绩效/类型与地铁客流这一关键外部效能的关系。结果显示:①TOD绩效以江汉、武昌滨江为核心向四周降低,其高值呈大-小团簇状分布;②TOD类型遵循相似的圈层分布,由中心向外围(Ⅰ类~Ⅵ类)依次为:高值功能优势类、高值节点优势类、中值平衡类、中值场所优势类、低值节点优势类、低值节点劣势类;③TOD绩效与工作日/休息日进出站总客流均显著正相关,早高峰时段大量客流从Ⅲ类~Ⅵ类站点汇聚至Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类站点。文章扩展的量化评估体系可以有效推测潜在客运量,划分的TOD类型也鼓励规划者因地制宜、精准施策。By comprehensively evaluating and classifying the performance of Transit Oriented Development(TOD)within different metro station areas,the metropolis can accurately formulate development strategies that encourage positive interaction between transportation and land use to alleviate urban diseases.Traditional two-dimensional(2D)indicators overlook the typical three-dimensional(3D)characteristics of cities'development,and their density or intensity indicators also ignore the potential functional combinations among POI types.Therefore,this study introduced new indicators such as the 3D form of streets/buildings and POI functional semantics to reconstruct the"Node-Place-Function"framework,measured the TOD performance of 188 station areas in Wuhan and divided them into 6 categories using KMeans,then explored the relationship between TOD performance/typology and the key external efficiency of metro passenger flow.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The TOD performance was decreasing from riverside areas of Jianghan and Wuchang to city periphery,whose high values are distributed as large and small clusters.(2)The TOD types follow a similar layer distribution,which could be named sequentially from city center to outside(Ⅰ-Ⅵ)as:High value Function advantage class,High value Node advantage class,Median value balance class,Median value Place advantage class,Low value Node advantage class and Low value Node disadvantage class.(3)Positive correlations were observed between TOD efficiency and passenger flow boarding and alighting both on weekdays and weekends.A large number of passengers converged from ClassⅢ-Ⅵstations to ClassⅠ&Ⅱstations during morning peak periods.The expanded quantitative evaluation system in this study can effectively infer potential passenger volume,and the TOD typologies also help planners tailor their policies to local conditions and make targeted decisions.

关 键 词：公交导向发展(TOD) 地铁站域 节点-场所-功能 类型学 地铁客流 

分 类 号：U239.5[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] TU984.113[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]