血管衰老相关的阿尔茨海默病生物标志物研究进展  

Recent advance in molecular biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease associated with vascular senescence

作　　者：文锐 谢春明[2] Wen Rui;Xie Chunming(School of Medicine,Southeast University,Nanjing 210009,China;Department of Neurology,Zhongda Hospital,Southeast University,Neuropsychiatric Institute of Southeast University,Nanjing 210009,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学医学院,南京210009 [2]东南大学附属中大医院神经内科,东南大学神经精神医学研究所,南京210009

出　　处：《中华神经医学杂志》2024年第9期933-939,共7页Chinese Journal of Neuromedicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(82071204);科技创新2030"脑科学与类脑研究"重大项目(2022ZD0211600)。

摘　　要：阿尔茨海默病(AD)是痴呆最常见的类型,目前其精准诊断主要依据正电子发射断层扫描(PET)或脑脊液中检测到β-淀粉样蛋白斑块和tau蛋白,但由于PET存在价格昂贵且有辐射性等问题,脑脊液获取需进行有创的腰穿操作,临床实际中AD的精准诊断显著受限。目前越来越多的研究表明,血管衰老参与了AD的病理进程,很可能是AD前驱期的显著临床特征。本文围绕在血管衰老的病理生理机制中发现的几种分子,如白细胞端粒长度、血小板衍生生长因子受体-β、纤维蛋白-1及细胞黏附分子、基质金属蛋白酶、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1等炎性因子,在近年来AD动物实验及临床研究中对AD发生发展的作用研究进展进行综述,以期为AD的精准诊断甚至治疗提供新的生物标志物或干预靶点。Alzheimer's disease(AD)is the most common type of dementia.At present,its accurate diagnosis is mainly based on positron emission tomography(PET)or detection ofβ-amyloid plaque and tau protein in cerebrospinal fluid.However,due to the expensiveness and radioactive problems of PET,the acquisition of cerebrospinal fluid requires invasive lumbar puncture,which obviously limits the accurate diagnosis of AD in clinical practice.Recent studies have increasingly indicated that vascular aging is involved in AD pathogenesis and may represent a notable clinical feature during the prodromal stage.This article reviews the roles of various molecules associated with pathophysiological mechanisms of vascular aging,such as leukocyte telomere length,platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β,fibrinogen-1,and inflammatory factors(cell adhesion molecules,matrix metalloproteinases and cmonocyte chemotactic protein-1)in AD development,as observed in recent animal and clinical studies,so as to find new biomarkers or therapeutic targets for precise diagnosis and treatment of AD.

关 键 词：阿尔茨海默病 血管衰老 生物标志物 

分 类 号：R749.16[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]