有轨电车空调回风风道消声降噪结构研究  

Noise Elimination and Reduction Structure for Tram Air-conditioning Return Duct

作　　者：李登科 刘友梅 樊运新 刘晓波 王先锋 陈诗文 LI Dengke;LIU Youmei;FAN Yunxin;LIU Xiaobo;WANG Xianfeng;CHEN Shiwen(State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University,610031,Chengdu,China;The State Key Laboratory of Heavy-duty and Express High-power Electic Locomotive,412001,Zhuzhou,China;CRRC Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Co.,Ltd.,412001,Zhuzhou,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,成都610031 [2]重载快捷大功率电力机车全国重点实验室,株洲412001 [3]中车株洲电力机车有限公司,株洲412001

出　　处：《城市轨道交通研究》2024年第10期65-69,共5页Urban Mass Transit

基　　金：国家创新方法工作专项项目(2019IM050100);中国国家铁路集团有限公司项目(N2022J020);中国博士后项目(256069)。

摘　　要：[目的]空调系统噪声是有轨电车静态噪声的主要来源,其中车内空调噪声主要来自空调送风风机。为降低空调风道的噪声,特对其结构开展研究,旨在设计一种低频宽带消声降噪结构。[方法]对有轨电车的空调回风风道的噪声传递路径进行降噪优化,在原有回风结构的基础上,设计了一种基于穿孔板+多孔吸声材料的复合消声装置,用以降低回风风道传递的风机噪声。建立了包含回风风道和风机声源的统计能量模型,结合吸声结构的理论计算,对导流消声风道的降噪特性进行计算分析。[结果及结论]采用导流消声风道可以有效降低风机传递的噪声。通过搭建空调风道试验平台,验证了消声降噪风道降低有轨电车空调系统噪声的可行性。[Objective]The noise generated by air-conditioning system is a primary source of static noise in trams,with most of the interior noise originating from the air-conditioning supply fan.Aimed at reducing the noise in air-conditioning duct,research focusing on the duct structure is carried out to design a low-frequency,broadband noise elimination and reduction structure.[Method]Noise reduction optimization is performed on the noise transmission path of the air-conditioning return air duct in trams.Referring to the original air return structure,a composite noise reduction device is designed,which is based on a perforated plate combined with porous sound-absorbing materials,to mitigate the fan noise transmitted through the return air duct.A statistical energy model that includes the return air duct and the fan noise source is established.Combined with the theoretical calculation of sound absorption structure,the noise reduction characteristics of diversion and noise elimination air duct are calculated and analyzed.[Result&Conclusion]The adoption of a flow division and noise elimination duct effectively decreases the noise transmitted by the fan.By building a test platform for air-conditioning duct,the feasibility of using the noise reduction duct to eliminate tram air-conditioning system noise is validated.

关 键 词：有轨电车 空调风道 穿孔板 消声降噪 低频噪声 

分 类 号：U482.1[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程] TB533.2[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U270.383[理学—物理]