地铁车辆段小号码道岔区域车辆脱轨仿真分析  

Simulation Analysis of Vehicle Derailment in Metro Depot Small Numbered Turnout Area

作　　者：何志平 李春阳 戴源廷 陈佟越 朱彬 HE Zhiping;LI Chunyang;DAI Yuanting;CHEN Tongyue;ZHU Bin(Guangzhou Metro Group Co.,Ltd.,510030,Guangzhou,China;Urban Rail Transit Center of China Academy of Railway Sciences Co.,Ltd.,100081,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]广州地铁集团有限公司,广州510030 [2]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司城市轨道交通中心,北京100081

出　　处：《城市轨道交通研究》2024年第10期87-90,共4页Urban Mass Transit

基　　金：中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司科研开发基金项目(2021YJ198);广花城际铁路竣工验收标准研究项目(HT230243);铁科院(北京)工程咨询有限公司科研开发基金项目(2023ZXJ002)。

摘　　要：[目的]小号码道岔在城市轨道交通尤其是地铁车辆段内有着较为广泛的应用,但其转辙角偏大的特征使车辆在通过道岔时存在脱轨的风险。研究地铁车辆段道岔心轨位置处车辆脱轨的原因很有必要。[方法]逐步建立轮对、转向架子模型和单节车厢模型,然后用铰接的方式将所有车厢连接形成整车模型。在道岔前方设置直线段以消除车辆起动的影响。通过线性内插得到整个道岔区域的相应轨道截面,然后导入到软件中计算。选取轮对横移量、脱轨系数和轮重减载率作为评价指标,分析了车速、车轮踏面型式、钢轨竖向刚度等因素对列车脱轨风险的影响规律。[结果及结论]由仿真分析得出如下结论:当车速过大时,轮重减载率会大幅超标,因此建议列车通过道岔时车速控制在5 km/h以内;当车轮采用LMX型踏面时,车辆会相对平稳地通过辙叉区的有害空间,有利于降低列车的脱轨风险;列车在通过钢轨竖向刚度为200 MN/m的道岔时更易发生脱轨。[Objective]Small numbered turnouts are widely used in urban rail transit,especially in metro depots,but their large switch angles pose a derailment risk when vehicles pass through them.It is necessary to investigate the reasons for vehicle derailment at the turnout frog positions in metro depot.[Method]A step-by-step approach is taken to establish wheelset model,bogie frame sub-model,and single compartment model,which are then articulated to link all compartments into a whole-vehicle model.A straight section is set up in front of the turnout to eliminate the impact of vehicle startup.The corresponding track sections of the entire turnout area are obtained through linear interpolation and are imported into the software for calculation.Wheelset lateral displacement,derailment coefficient,wheel load reduction rate are selected as evaluation indicators to analyze the influence law of factors such as vehicle speed,wheel tread type and rail vertical stiffness on train derailment risks.[Result&Conclusion]The simulation analysis yields the following conclusions:When the vehicle speed is too high,the wheel load reduction rate significantly exceeds the standard,hence it is recommended to control the vehicle speed within 5 km/h while passing through the turnout.When using LMX-type wheel tread,vehicles pass relatively smoothly through the dangerous areas of the frog zone,which helps to reduce train derailment risks.Vehicles are more prone to derailment when passing through turnouts with a vertical rail stiffness of 200 MN/m.

关 键 词：地铁 车辆段 小号码道岔 车辆脱轨仿真分析 

分 类 号：U213.6[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U231[机械工程—车辆工程] U279.1[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]