黄鳝去骨装置设计与试验  

Design and experiments of the deboning device for Monopterus albus

作　　者：刘明勇[1] 向雪 朱林[1] 欧阳周寰 李平 LIU Mingyong;XIANG Xue;ZHU Lin;OUYANG Zhouhuan;LI Ping(Hubei Agricultural Machinery Institute,Hubei University of Technology,Wuhan,430068,China;Jingzhou Jichuang Electromechanical Technology Co.,Ltd.,Jingzhou,434025,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北工业大学农机工程研究设计院,武汉430068 [2]荆州市集创机电科技股份有限公司,荆州434025

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2024年第17期294-304,共11页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：湖北省农机装备补短板核心技术应用攻关项目(HBSNYT202221)。

摘　　要：针对已有黄鳝去骨装置存在的去骨稳定性差、效率低、得肉率偏低等问题,该研究设计了一种自适应式黄鳝去骨装置,主要由剖腹部件、过渡部件、去骨部件组成。首先对鱼体剖腹、过渡输送和去骨过程进行理论分析,得到影响去骨装置作业性能的关键因素。以得肉率、感官质量评分为评价指标,进行压轮与V型块距离、过渡轮初始间隙和转速、去骨刀盘形状和转速的单因素试验,确定各参数合理取值范围。试验结果显示,当压轮与V型块距离为15.50~16.75 mm时,得肉率较高;过渡轮初始间隙为9 mm时,鱼体感官质量评分最高;过渡轮转速和去骨刀盘转速增加,有利于提高得肉率和感官质量评分;去骨刀盘形状对得肉率和感官质量评分影响较小。以压轮与V型块距离、过渡轮初始间隙、过渡轮转速和去骨刀盘转速为试验因素,展开四因素三水平的正交试验。试验结果表明:当压轮与V型块距离为16.75 mm、过渡轮初始间隙为9 mm、过渡轮转速为648 r/min、刀盘转速为3200 r/min时去骨效果最优,去骨装置加工的得肉率为84%,加工后鱼体总感官质量评分达到17.3。该装置可加工体质量75~150 g的黄鳝,生产效率达到16.8条/min,与目前市售去骨装置相比,喂入更方便,生产效率更高,可以为黄鳝前处理装置的研究提供参考。The scale of Monopterus albus farming in Hubei Province is large,but there are few pre-treatment processing devices.The current Monopterus albus pretreatment device is mainly dissected and killed.Aiming at the problems of poor stability,low efficiency,and low meat yield of existing Monopterus albus deboning devices,an adaptive Monopterus albus deboning device was designed,which was mainly composed of laparotomy components,transitional components,and deboning components.The theoretical analysis of the process of fish laparotomy,transition transportation,and deboning was carried out,and the key factors affecting the performance of the deboning device were obtained.Taking the meat yield rate and sensory quality scores as evaluation indexes,the single-factor test of the distance between the pressure wheel and the V-block,the initial clearance of the transition wheel,the rotational speed of the transition wheel,the shape of the deboning blade disc and the rotational speed of deboning blade disc were carried out to determine the reasonable range of each parameter.The test results showed that when the distance between the pressure wheel and the V-block was 15.50-16.75 mm,the meat yield rate was higher;when the initial clearance of the transition wheel was 9 mm,the sensory quality scores of the fish body was the highest;the increase of the rotational speed of the transition wheel and the rotational speed of the deboning blade disc is beneficial to improve the meat yield rate and sensory quality scores;and the shape of the boning blade disc had little influence on the meat yield rate and the sensory quality scores.The orthogonal test of four factors and three levels was carried out with the distance between the pressure wheel and the V-block,the initial clearance of the transition wheel,the rotational speed of the transition wheel,and the rotational speed of the deboning blade disc as the test factors.The results showed that the order of significance of each test factor on the meat yield rate was the distance between the

关 键 词：农业机械 设计 试验 去骨装置 黄鳝 得肉率 

分 类 号：S147.2[农业科学—肥料学]