谷蠹气门的超微结构研究  

Ultrastructure of Spiracles of Rhizopertha dominica

作　　者：杨宁 孙晟源 孙德宏 陈二虎 唐培安 Yang Ning;Sun Shengyuan;Sun Dehong;Chen Erhu;Tang Peian(College of Food Science and Engineering,Nanjing University of Finance and Economics,Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety,Nanjing 210023)

机构地区：[1]南京财经大学食品科学与工程学院,江苏省现代粮食流通与安全协同创新中心,南京210023

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2024年第8期52-59,共8页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32272388、32001915);江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2022377);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(SJCX23_0652)。

摘　　要：昆虫气门位于体壁的一个凹陷内,由体壁特化而成,是昆虫气管系统与外界相关联的门户,然而针对储粮害虫气门的超微结构研究还鲜有报道。利用扫描电子显微镜,观察了谷蠹末龄幼虫和成虫气门的分布和形态结构,研究结果表明,谷蠹幼虫体表共有9对气门,前胸1对,腹部8对,气门位于背部两侧,每对气门均为有效气门,属于多气门型,且均为内闭式气门,胸部气门明显大于腹部气门,前胸气门长轴直径为(13.23±1.25)μm,腹部1~8节气门长轴直径在5.38~10.89μm之间。其胸部和腹部气门外观均呈不规则圆形,气门内部的筛板呈尖刺状;成虫共有6对气门,胸部2对,腹部4对,中胸和后胸的侧膜以及腹部1~4节侧膜上各1对气门,均为内闭式气门,气门从胸部到腹部逐渐变小,中胸气门长轴直径为(19.09±2.00)μm,腹部各节气门长轴直径在11.04~17.78μm之间,但腹部第3节除外,其气门长轴直径大小为(15.13±1.28)μm,与腹部第1节相似,胸部气门和腹部1~3节气门外观呈半圆形,腹部第4节气门呈长椭圆形,筛板呈褶皱状。本研究获得了重要储粮害虫谷蠹幼虫和成虫气门的超微结构,初步解析了谷蠹2种虫态的气门结构特征,为进一步开展气门与谷蠹的呼吸活动、能量代谢、磷化氢抗性以及低氧气调耐受性等研究提供参考,同时也丰富鞘翅目昆虫气门结构数据库。The insect spiracle is in depression of integument,specialized from the body wall,is the gateway of the insect trachea system to the outside world.However,there are few reports on the ultrastructure of stored product pests.In the study,the distribution and morphological structure characteristics of spiracle in the last larvaes and adults were investigated using scanning electron microscope(SEM).It was found that there were 9 pairs of spiracles on the larvaes body surface,1 pair in the thorax and 8 pairs in the abdomen,the larval spiracles were located on both sides of the back,and each pair of spiracles was an effective spiracle,being multi-spiracle type,all of which were internal closing apparatus,the thoracic spiracle was significantly larger than the abdominal spiracle,the long axis of prothorax spiracle was(13.23±1.25)μm,the abdominal spiracles was between 5.38μm and 10.89μm.The external view of the thorax and abdominal spiracles were irregular and round,and filter apparatus was spiny;there were 6 pairs of spiracles in adults,2 pairs in the thorax and 4 pairs in the abdomen;there were a pair of spiracles on the lateral membranes of mesothorax and metathoracic,a pair of spiracles on the lateral membrane of the abdominal 1~4 segments,all of which were internal closing apparatus.The spiracles were significantly smaller from the chest to the abdomen,the long axis of mesothorax spiracle was(19.09±2.00)μm,the abdominal spiracles was between 11.04 and 17.78μm,except for the long axis of the third abdominal segment,the long axis of spiracle was(15.13±1.28)μm,similar in size to the first abdominal segment.The thoracic spiracles and the abdominal 1~3 throttle spiracles were semicircular in appearance,and the spiracle of abdominal 4 segment was oblong,and filter apparatus was folding.In conclusion,the spiracle structure characteristics of different stages of R.dominica were analyzed,providing reference for further research on respiratory activity,energy metabolism,phosphine resistance and hypoxia tolerance and

关 键 词：谷蠹 扫描电镜 气门结构 

分 类 号：Q969.98[生物学—昆虫学]