不同产地山苍子油主要活性成分及风味特征差异分析  

Analysis of Main Active Ingredients and Flavor of Litsea cubeba Oil from Different Producing Areas

作　　者：肖新生 唐琳芝 杨舒曼 牛阳雨 刘小艳 蒋黎艳 Xiao Xinsheng;Tang Linzhi;Yang Shuman;Niu Yangyu;Liu Xiaoyang;Jiang Liyan(College of Chemistry and Bioengineering,Hunan University of Science and Engineering,Yongzhou 425199)

机构地区：[1]湖南科技学院化学与生物工程学院,永州425199

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2024年第8期165-174,共10页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金面上项目(2021JJ30289);湖南科技学院2021年度科研项目(21XKY045)。

摘　　要：以湖南、四川、浙江、贵州、广西、吉林6个产地的山苍子为研究对象,对比分析不同产地山苍子油主要活性成分及风味特征差异。结果表明:山苍子油的不饱和脂肪酸质量分数为13.90%~45.64%;总酚含量在5.13~9.47 mg/g之间;采用GC-MS法对山苍子油不皂化物进行成分分析,共鉴定出11类39个组分,以醇类和萜烯类为主,并通过定量分析发现不同产地山苍子油中角鲨烯含量范围在2.45~10.87 mg/kg之间,α-生育酚含量在0.12~10.89 mg/kg之间,γ-生育酚含量在14.95~43.93 mg/kg之间;菜油甾醇含量在53.39~535.82 mg/kg之间,豆甾醇含量在87.97~146.92 mg/kg之间,β-谷甾醇含量在2240.80~5049.30 mg/kg之间。通过GC-MS技术共鉴定出34种挥发性成分,其中醛类6种、醇类7种、萜烯类17种、酮类3种,吡喃类1种;四川山苍子油与浙江山苍子油的整体香气特征接近,主体呈现新鲜的柠檬香味还伴随着花香,湖南、广西、贵州、吉林4个产地山苍子油在整体香味特征上不同,分别呈现清凉的草药香味、浓郁的柠檬香味、水果的清香、淡淡的柠檬香。Litsea cubeba oil from six producing areas of Hunan,Sichuan,Zhejiang,Guizhou,Guangxi and Jilin was taken as the research object,the main active components and flavor characteristics of Litsea cubeba oil from different producing areas were compared and analyzed.The results revealed that the unsaturated fatty acid content of Litsea cubeba oil accounted for 13.90%~45.64%;the total phenol content was 5.13~9.47 mg/g.GC-MS method was used to analyze the components of unsaponifiables in Litsea cubeba oil.A total of 11 categories and 39 components were identified,mainly alcohols and terpenes.Through quantitative analysis,it was found that the content of squalene in Litsea cubeba oil from different producing areas ranged from 2.45 to 10.87 mg/kg,the content ofα-tocopherol ranged from 0.12 mg/kg to 10.89 mg/kg,and the content ofγ-tocopherol ranged from 14.95 mg/kg to 43.93 mg/kg.The content of sterol in rape oil was between 53.39~535.82 mg/kg,the content of stigmasterol was between 87.97~146.92 mg/kg,and the content ofβ-sitosterol was between 2240.80~5049.30 mg/kg.A total of 34 volatile components were identified by GC-MS,including 6 aldehydes,7 alcohols,17 terpenes,3 ketones and 1 pyran.The overall aroma characteristics of Sichuan Litsea cubeba oil were similar to those of Zhejiang Litsea cubeba oil.The main body presented fresh lemon aroma accompanied by floral aroma.Hunan,Guangxi,Guizhou and Jilin Litsea cubeba oil were different in the overall aroma characteristics,showing cool herbal aroma,rich lemon aroma,fruit fragrance and light lemon aroma respectively.

关 键 词：山苍子油 活性成分 特征风味 主成分分析 

分 类 号：TS225[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]