新疆生产建设兵团营养改善计划地区中小学生营养不良和超重肥胖状况及其影响因素  

Status of Malnutrition,Overweight and Obesity and Its Influencing Factors Among Primary and Middle School Students in the Nutrition Improvement Plan Area of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps

作　　者：王芝梦 顾晓芬[2] 苗姗姗 张宏伟[3] WANG Zhimeng(School of Public Health,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi,Xinjiang,830011,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]新疆医科大学附属肿瘤医院,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [3]新疆生产建设兵团疾病预防控制中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《医学与社会》2024年第10期55-60,67,共7页Medicine and Society

基　　金：新疆生产建设兵团疾病预防控制中心科研计划项目,编号为BTCDCKY202205。

摘　　要：目的:分析新疆生产建设兵团营养改善计划地区中小学生营养不良和超重肥胖状况及影响因素,为制定针对性的营养干预措施提供依据。方法:于2023年9-11月,采用分层整群抽样方法,选取新疆生产建设兵团营养改善计划地区的16046名中小学生进行体格检查和问卷调查,运用χ^(2)检验和多项logistic回归分析中小学生营养不良和超重肥胖状况及影响因素。结果:新疆生产建设兵团营养改善计划地区的中小学生营养不良、正常、超重肥胖的检出人数分别为1612人(10.0%)、10524人(65.6%)、3910人(24.4%)。多项logistic回归分析结果显示,男生发生营养不良与超重肥胖的风险较高。家长采取恰当的体重干预措施的中小学生营养不良和超重肥胖的发生风险更低。从来没有、极少挑食或偏食的学生发生营养不良的风险更低(P<0.05);小学生以及从来没有、极少挑食或偏食的学生发生超重肥胖的风险更高(P<0.05)。结论:新疆生产建设兵团营养改善计划地区的中小学生营养不良与超重肥胖状况不容忽视,需重点关注男生以及小学生的营养状况,提高家长对学生体型的认知与学生实际营养状况的一致性,引导家长对学生采取恰当的营养干预措施。Objective:To understand the malnutrition,overweight and obesity status and influencing factors of primary and middle school students in the nutrition improvement plan area of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,and to provide basis for formulating targeted nutrition intervention measures.Methods:Using stratified cluster sampling method,16046 primary and middle school students in the nutrition improvement plan area of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps were selected for physical examination and questionnaire survey from September to November 2023.χ^(2) test and multiple logistic regression were used to analyze the malnutrition,overweight and obesity of primary and middle school students and their influencing factors.Results:The number of malnourished,normal,overweight and obese students in the nutrition improvement plan area of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps is 1612(10.0%),10524(65.6%)and 3910(24.4%)respectively.Multiple logistic regression analysis shows that male students are at higher risk of malnutrition and overweight and obesity.Primary and middle school students whose parents take appropriate weight intervention measures have a lower risk of malnutrition and overweight and obesity.Students who are never picky eaters or partial eaters have a lower risk of malnutrition(P<0.05).Pupils,and students who have never been picky eaters or partial eaters have higher risk of being overweight and obese(P<0.05).Conclusion:The malnutrition and overweight and obesity of primary and middle school students in the nutrition improvement plan area of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps cannot be ignored.It is necessary to focus on the nutritional status of boys and primary school students,improve the consistency between parents'cognition of students'body shape and their actual nutritional status,and guide parents to take appropriate nutritional intervention measures for students.

关 键 词：营养不良 超重 肥胖 影响因素 新疆生产建设兵团 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生] R193.2