春大豆合理播期确定动态知识模型构建  

Construction of Dynamic Knowledge Model for Determining Reasonable Sowing Date of Spring Soybean

作　　者：关丛鑫 张伟[1,2,3] 亓立强 石文强 李金阳 Guan Congxin;Zhang Wei;Qi Liqiang;Shi Wenqiang;Li Jinyang(College of Engineering,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319,China;Heilongjiang Province Conservation Tillage Engineering Technology Research Center,Daqing 163319,China;Key Laboratory of Soybean Mechanization Production,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Daqing 163319,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学工程学院,黑龙江大庆163319 [2]黑龙江省保护性耕作工程技术研究中心,黑龙江大庆163319 [3]农业农村部大豆机械化生产重点实验室,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《农机化研究》2025年第1期1-6,共6页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-04-PS30)。

摘　　要：为提高春大豆播种期确定的时效性和准确性,利用农田信息采集系统获取土壤墒情及环境信息,并根据大豆播种进程与适宜环境、土壤墒情同步原理,采用隶属函数方法,将播种农艺要求与播种影响因素间的关系函数化,建立春大豆合理播期确定知识模型;并利用2个不同生态点的气象与土壤温湿度等参数,结合模型决策日期与2年中各地实际播期及出苗情况,对春大豆合理播期确定模型进行了实例验证。结果表明:2021年北15、2022年北14两块试验地播期确定模型输出结果与农田实际播期分别为4月23日、4月24日与5月7日、5月10日,月度误差分别为3.33%和9.68%,模型结果准确率分别为96.67%和90.32%。模型设计结果与当前高产春大豆实际农作制度体现较好的一致性和适用性,可以为农业生产者应用信息化手段确定春大豆播种期提供技术参考。In order to improve timeliness and accuracy of determining the sowing date of spring soybean,the farmland information collection system was used to obtain the soil moisture and environmental information.According to the principle of synchronization between the soybean sowing process and the appropriate environment and soil moisture,the membership function method was used to function the relationship between the sowing agronomic requirements and the sowing influencing factors,and the knowledge model for determining the reasonable sowing date of spring soybean was established.The model validation uses the meteorological and soil temperature and humidity parameters of two different ecological sites,combined with the decision date of the model and the actual sowing date and seedling emergence situation in various regions in the past two years,to validate the model for determining the reasonable sowing date of spring soybean.The results showed that the output results of model for determining the sowing date of Bei15 in 2021 and Bei14 in 2022 were April 23,April 24,May 7 and May 10,respectively.The monthly error is 3.33% and 9.68% respectively,and the accuracy of the model results is 96.67% and 90.32% respectively.The results of the model design are in good agreement and applicability with the current high-yield spring soybean actual farming system,which can provide a technical reference for agricultural producers to determine the sowing date of spring soybean by means of information technology.

关 键 词：春大豆 播期 知识模型 农田信息 决策 

分 类 号：S352.1[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术] S529[农业科学—农艺学]