基于环境RNA研究西太平洋浅水海山区真核微生物多样性及其与细菌的关系  

MICROEUKARYOTE DIVERSITY AND THEIR CORRELATIONS WITH BACTERIA IN THE SHALLOW SEAMOUNT AREA OF THE WESTERN PACIFIC OCEAN BASED ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL RNA

作　　者：尹婷婷 赵峰[1,2,3] 刘巍岳[2,3] 徐奎栋 YIN Ting-Ting;ZHAO Feng;LIU Wei-Yue;XU Kui-Dong(College of Life Sciences,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China;Department of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学生命科学学院,山东青岛266109 [2]中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生物分类与系统演化实验室,山东青岛266071 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2024年第5期1213-1222,共10页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目,42376134号,41976099号,41930533号;中国科学院青年创新促进会,2022206号。

摘　　要：海山遍布大洋海底,由于其特殊海底地形和水文动力环境,孕育了丰富且特殊的生物群落。采用环境RNA技术分析西太平洋M4浅水海山区真核微生物的多样性和分布,并与环境DNA技术检获的结果进行比较,揭示二者的异同。研究发现,RNA和DNA技术检获的表层和DCM层群落结构相似,在200 m以深的水层中群落结构差异较大。共甲藻纲的相对丰度在DNA数据中占比高于RNA数据,因此可能被基于eDNA的技术高估;而甲藻纲和金藻纲则相反,存在被低估的可能性。通过真核微生物与细菌的共现网络,揭示甲藻虽然是海山区叶绿素最大层共现网络中的关键类群,但其与细菌的相互关系弱,且代谢活性较弱。金藻中行混合营养的类群以及Bicoecea类群,在深层海水中普遍存在,且具有较高的代谢活性。环境RNA技术可检获有生命活性的物种分布,为海山区真核微生物多样性及分布提供更完整的认知。Seamounts are distributed throughout the ocean floor.Due to their special topography and hydrodynamic environment,seamounts are inhabited by diverse and unique biological communities.In this study,the diversity and distribution of microeukaryotes in the M4 seamount area of the Western Pacific Ocean were investigated by the environmental RNA technology,and then the results were compared with those obtained by the environmental DNA technology.We found that the community structures at the surface and deep chlorophyll maximum layers detected by RNA and DNA techniques were similar,but significantly different in water layers deeper than 200 m.The relative abundance of Syndiniales in RNA data was lower than that in DNA data,suggesting a possible overestimation on Syndiniales.On the contrary,the relative abundance of Dinophyceae and Chrysophyceae may be underestimated by the eDNA.We further revealed that Dinophyceae were a key group in the co-occurrence network of the DCM layer,but their interaction with bacteria was weak and their metabolic activity was low.Mixotrophic groups of Chrysophyceae and Bicoecea were commonly found in deep sea water with higher metabolic activity.Environmental RNA technology,which can detect the distribution of species with life activity,can provide a more comprehensive understanding of the diversity and distribution of microeukaryotes in seamount areas.

关 键 词：深海 环境RNA 扩增子 原生生物多样性 海山效应 

分 类 号：Q938[生物学—微生物学]