论周代歌诗的“文本化”--兼论《诗经》中复杂文本的成因  

The Textualization of the Musical Poetry in the Zhou Dynasty:The Causes of the Complex Texts in The Book of Songs

作　　者：李辉[1] LI Hui(The Research Center of Chinese Poetry,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100089,China)

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学中国诗歌研究中心,北京100089

出　　处：《北京师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第5期35-43,共9页Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学重大专项项目“中华文明与早期书写研究”(2022JDZD025);北京市社会科学基金青年项目“周代‘诗教’与《诗经》经典化研究”(22WXC008)

摘　　要：歌诗的“文本化”过程,脱离了动态立体的乐用语境,剥落了“乐本”诗辞之外的其他乐用信息,使得歌诗成为平面、静态、固化的纯文本,造成部分歌诗文本的歧杂和诗义的难解。今本《诗经》中的复杂文本,如一些不整齐的叠咏曲式,可能是歌诗“文本化”不当造成的变异。某些原本属于“变调歌辞”的比兴之辞、章末乱辞、成辞旧调,也在“文本化”过程中被写录成了常态化的文本。作为高度“文本化”结果的今本《诗经》,并不能据以还原周代歌诗生成与歌唱的真实样貌。Separating from the dynamic and diversified musical context,the textualization of the musical poetry strips away additional musical information other than the poems of the“musical texts”.This process makes the musical poetry a plain,static and solidified pure texts,resulting in the ambiguity and incomprehensibility of certain verses.The complex texts in the present version of The Book of Songs,such as some irregularly superimposed chants,may be variations caused by improper textualization of the musical poetry.And some variational melodies and lyrics,such as figurative expressions,the last chapter as luan ci(乱辞),ready-made sentences and old tunes,have been recorded as regular texts in the process of textualization.As the result of a high degree of textualization,the present version of The Book of Songs cannot be used to restore what the creation and singing of the musical poetry really are in the Zhou Dynasty.

关 键 词：《诗经》 乐本 口头 文本化 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]