比例连带责任的证成及其司法适用  

The proof of proportional joint and several liability and its judicial application

作　　者：李涛[1] Li Tao(School of Law,Zhongnan University of Economics and law,Wuhan 430073)

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学法学院,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《重庆社会科学》2024年第9期117-131,共15页Chongqing Social Sciences

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费项目“《民法典》中管理事务行为厘定及其法律适用论”(202210613)。

摘　　要：比例连带责任是由司法实践发展形成的一种新型责任形式,同时也是一种价值冲突的利益衡量过程。“半叠加分别侵权行为理论”和“比例原则理论”是比例连带责任的法理基础,二者可为比例连带责任的效果正当化提供解释力。随着司法实践中比例连带责任的扩张适用,可通过法律解释方法将其纳入《民法典》第一千一百七十一条之“连带责任”体系中作为一种子类型,解决比例连带责任之请求权基础的问题。“责任比例”的确定应根据原因力、过错程度、行为性质等因素综合认定,在对外关系上,各行为人承担的是中间责任;而内部最终责任比例应在外部责任基础上再次重新确定,各责任人之间可以相互追偿,实现侵权法填补损害与公平正义的价值目标。Proportional Joint and several liability is a new form of liability formed by the development of judicial practice,and it is also a process of interest measurement of value conflict.The theory of'Half-superposition separately torts"and"The principle of proportionality"are the jurisprudence basis of proportional joint liability.With the expansion of proportional joint liability in judicial practice,it can be incorporated into the"Joint liability"system of Article 1171 of the Civil Code as a sub-type by means of legal interpretation,solve the problem of the claim basis of proportional joint and several liability.The determination of'Responsibility proportion"should be based on the causal force,the degree of fault,the nature of the act and other factors to determine comprehensively,in foreign relations,each actor is to assume intermediate responsibility;The proportion of the internal ultimate liability should be re-determined on the basis of the external liability,and all the responsible persons can recover from each other to achieve the goal of the tort law.

关 键 词：比例连带责任 半叠加分别侵权 比例原则 连带责任 

分 类 号：D925[政治法律—诉讼法学]