企业创新活动中外部知识搜索策略选择研究——来自中国制造业企业的经验证据  

The Selection Tendency of External Knowledge Source Strategies in Innovation Activities:Evidence from Chinese Manufacturing Enterprises

作　　者：宋昱晓 余江 李博 Song Yuxiao;Yu Jiang;Li Bo(Sino-Danish College,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Department of Materials and Production,Aalborg University,Aalborg 9220,Denmark;Institutes of Science and Development,Chines Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Sino-Danish Research and Education Center,Beijing 100049,China;School of Public Policy and Management,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大学中丹学院,北京100049 [2]奥尔堡大学材料与制造系,丹麦奥尔堡9220 [3]中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院,北京100190 [4]中国-丹麦科研教育中心,北京100049 [5]中国科学院大学公共政策与管理学院,北京100049

出　　处：《科技进步与对策》2024年第19期109-117,共9页Science & Technology Progress and Policy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(71834006,72334007);教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目(20JZD022)。

摘　　要：外部知识搜索属于开放式创新范畴,当制造业企业难以满足新产品生产所需时,将与供应商、客户、高等院校、科研机构和竞争对手等外部知识源建立联系,寻求外部合作,这些知识源对企业实现价值创造具有重要影响。通过识别与界定制造业企业外部知识搜索策略,构建企业创新活动(技术创新与流程创新)与外部知识获取策略选择关系框架,以中国制造业企业数据为样本,进行实证研究。结果表明,制造业企业知识获取策略可划分为最小化搜索、沿供应链搜索、多途径搜索、特定科学搜索、特定技术搜索和全面均衡搜索等6种;制造业企业知识搜索策略呈现多样化特征,并在技术创新与流程创新活动中呈现出显著差异性。External knowledge search has become a key part of manufacturing enterprises'innovation activities,both in high-tech sectors that are more open to innovation and low and medium technology sectors with lower technology intensity.When manufacturing enterprises cannot rely solely on internal resources for innovation,they begin to search for and leverage knowledge from outside,integrate external knowledge with their knowledge base,and utilize knowledge inflow to accelerate internal innovation and then expand the market for external use of innovation.Therefore,the external knowledge search strategy of manufacturing enterprises represents an important non-pecuniary mode of inbound open innovation.When they meet difficulty in reaching the complexity required for new product production,they will seek to cooperate with the outside to obtain external knowledge resources and establish knowledge linkages with suppliers,customers,universities,research institutions and competitor to achieve economies of scale and scope,and then respond quickly to market changes.Manufacturing enterprises'different motives to carry out external knowledge acquisition will lead to variability in the demand for the combination of external knowledge inputs,and the enterprises will choose an appropriate combination of search strategies that is consistent with needs.Existing studies pay less attention to the innovation activities of manufacturing enterprises that benefit most from knowledge search strategies,i.e.,the propensity to choose open search strategies in their innovation activities.On the basis of a deep analysis of the existing literature,three propositions related to the relationship between innovation activities and knowledge search strategies are proposed from the perspectives of knowledge acquisition motivation,formal/informal cooperation relationships,and knowledge protection.In terms of research methodology,this paper uses the hierarchical clustering method and then establishes a multinomial logistic regression model to construct a the

关 键 词：外部知识搜索 制造业企业 新产品生产 企业创新活动 无序多分类Logistic回归 

分 类 号：F272.4[经济管理—企业管理]