突发公共卫生事件治理中的伦理冲突及其解决路径  

Ethical conflicts and resolution paths in the governance of public health emergencies

作　　者：何雅文 莫楠 HE Yawen;MO Nan(Medical Department,Fujian Stomatological Hospital of Fujian Medical University,Fuzhou 350122,China;School of Health Management,Fujian Medical University,Fuzhou 350122,China;School of Marxism,Fujian Medical University,Fuzhou 350122,China)

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学附属口腔医院医务部,福建福州350122 [2]福建医科大学卫生管理学院,福建福州350122 [3]福建医科大学马克思主义学院,福建福州350122

出　　处：《中国医学伦理学》2024年第10期1168-1174,共7页Chinese Medical Ethics

基　　金：福建省社会科学规划一般项目(FJ2022B147);福建省医药卫生体制改革研究会“卫生政策创新研究”课题“中国语境下突发传染病防控中个人信息获取的伦理问题研究”(2020C15)。

摘　　要：在突发公共卫生事件治理中,不同行为主体间的卫生实践秉持着不同的价值理念和伦理诉求。在医疗实践中面临着个人健康与群体风险防范的冲突,在防控决策制定与实施中面临着个人自主与政府干预的冲突,在医疗卫生资源分配中面临着公平分配与优先分配的冲突,这些伦理冲突纷繁复杂,贯穿突发公共卫生事件治理工作始终。建议有关部门结合突发公共卫生事件时效性的特点,从责任伦理与德性伦理视角出发,强化德性意识的同时,强化责任担当,科学调整彼此之间的利益关系,将分散的职责整合为集体的伦理责任,使社会成员将外在责任要求自觉内化为自身道德守则,全力以赴,探究化解冲突的路径。In the governance of public health emergencies,different behavioral entities adhere to distinct value orientations and ethical claims in their health practices.In medical practice,there is a conflict between individual health and group risk prevention;in the formulation and implementation of prevention and control of decision-making,there is a conflict between individual autonomy and government intervention;in the distribution of health care resources,there is a conflict between fair distribution and prioritization of distribution.These ethical conflicts are numerous and complex,and they run through the entire governance process of public health emergencies.It is suggested that relevant departments,based on the timeliness of public health emergencies and from the perspectives of responsibility ethics and virtue ethics,strengthen moral awareness while enhancing responsibility,scientifically adjust the relationship of interests between each other,and integrate dispersed responsibilities into collective ethical responsibilities,so that enable members of society to consciously internalize external responsibility requirements into their own ethical code,and make all-out efforts to explore pathways of resolving the conflict.

关 键 词：突发公共卫生事件 生命伦理学 公共健康伦理学 责任伦理 德性伦理 

分 类 号：R-052[医药卫生]