空气颗粒物中海洛因的采集、检测和来源方式研究  

Sampling,Detection and Source Analysis of Heroin in Airborne Particulate Matter

作　　者：刘昕 范贤谋 王东亮 杨发震 邱飞 LIU Xin;FAN Xianmou;WANG Dongliang;YANG Fazhen;QIU Fei(Key Lab of Narcotics Assay and Control Technology Ministry of Public Security,Kunming 650223,Yunnan,China;Judicial Appraisal Center of Kunming Public Security Bureau,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China;Yunnan Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center,Kunming 650034,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]毒品分析及禁毒技术公安部重点实验室,云南昆明650223 [2]昆明市公安局司法鉴定中心,云南昆明650500 [3]云南省生态环境监测中心,云南昆明650034

出　　处：《中国药物滥用防治杂志》2024年第9期1573-1577,1585,共6页Chinese Journal of Drug Abuse Prevention and Treatment

基　　金：公安部科技计划项目—科技强警基础工作专项(编号:2023JC37);云南省科技计划项目基础研究专项—青年项目(编号:202101AU070020);云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(编号:2021J0697)。

摘　　要：目的:以海洛因为典型燃吸、烫吸型药品和个人护理品(PPCPs),探究空气毒品监测的采样、预处理、检测和来源方式研判方法。方法:通过捕集室内海洛因烟丝燃烧产生的PM和实验室称量海洛因产生的PM,探究空气中PM的采样、毒品成分的萃取和检测技术,进而探究燃吸、开封包(模拟交易)过程产生的PM中海洛因的来源方式记物。结果:实验条件下,GC-MS技术能从海洛因烟丝燃烧PM的萃取成分中检出海洛因和尼古丁。UPLC-MS/MS技术能从实验室的PM萃取液中检出痕量海洛因、甲基苯丙胺和氯胺酮。结论:截停滤膜采样法可用于采集空气中的PM,“液相萃取法+UPLC-MS/MS(或GC-MS)检测”可作为空气PM中毒品成分的预处理和检测技术,尼古丁可作为燃吸场所附近PM中海洛因来源方式的标记物。Objective:To explore the methods of sampling,pretreatment,detection and source determination of airborne drugs,heroin has been used as a typical thermal-inhaled pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs).Methods:Heroin-containing particulate matter(PM)have been generated and captured though indoor combustion of heroin-containing tobacco and lab-scale weighing to explore sampling,extraction and detection techniques for PM-containing illicit drugs.A followed exploration to find source markers of unpacking(simulated trading)and combustion-generated heroin-containing PM have been implemented.Results:Under the experimental conditions,GC-MS could be used to simultaneously detect heroin and nicotine in the extraction of smokinginduced PM.While UPLC-MS/MS technique could be applied to determine trace heroin,methamphetamine and ketamine from the extraction of in-lab PM.Conclusion:The cut-off filter membrane sampling method can be used to collect airborne PM.“Liquid phase extraction+UPLC-MS/MS(or GC-MS)detection”can be used as a pre-treatment and detection technique for airborne PM.Nicotine can be used as a marker for the source of smoking-induced heroin-containing PM.

关 键 词：海洛因 PM 来源方式 标记物 甲基苯丙胺 氯胺酮 

分 类 号：R749.64[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]