基于显微多光谱成像的临床皮肤鳞癌病理分析  

Pathological Analysis of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Based on Multispectral Microscopic Imaging

作　　者：王成[1,2] 杨常兴 仰伽仪 葛倩倩 蔡文强 燕昱龄 项华中[1,2] 张大伟[4] 赵肖庆[3] Wang Cheng;Yang Changxing;Yang Jiayi;Ge Qianqian;Cai Wenqiang;Yan Yuling;Xiang Huazhong;Zhang Dawei;Zhao Xiaoqing(School of Health Sciences and Engineering,Institute of Biomedical Optics and Optometry,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China;Key Laboratory of Medical Optical Instruments and Devices,Ministry of Education,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China;Department of Dermatology,Rui Jin Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200025,China;Engineering Research Center of Optical Instruments and Systems,Ministry of Education,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学健康科学与工程学院,生物医学光学与视光学研究所,上海200093 [2]上海理工大学医用光学仪器与设备教育部重点实验室,上海200093 [3]上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院皮肤科,上海200025 [4]上海理工大学教育部光学仪器与系统工程研究中心,上海200093

出　　处：《中国激光》2024年第15期135-142,共8页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61775140)。

摘　　要：皮肤鳞状细胞癌(cSCC)是我国三大皮肤恶性肿瘤之一,病理学诊断目前仍是其临床诊断的金标准。为了提升诊断效率以及降低人工劳动强度,本课题组自主研发了一套自动多光谱显微成像系统。利用该系统获取人体正常皮肤组织与鳞癌组织全切片的多光谱病理图像,运用随机森林算法与自适应阈值分割法对不同波段的图像进行精确分割并作伪彩色处理,有效地提取出细胞核、大脂滴和角化珠等重要的诊断信息。此外,利用滑动窗口技术设置200×200像素的窗口,计算窗口内的核质比。结果表明,多光谱病理图像经伪彩色处理后显著增强了病理结构的可视化。经量化分析得到正常皮肤组织与cSCC组织的核质比存在显著的统计学差异(P<0.001)。核质比量化的ROC曲线分析也证明了该系统的敏感性与特异性。实验结果表明,该自动多光谱显微成像系统结合图像处理技术,增强了临床病理信息的可视化和量化能力,为提升病理分析的效率和准确率、降低病理诊断的复杂性提供了坚实的技术基础。Objective Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma(cSCC),also known as skin squamous cancer,is one of the three primary types of malignant skin tumors in China.The diagnosis of cSCC is primarily based on clinical features.Biopsy,excision,and histological confirmation should be performed for all clinically suspicious lesions to facilitate the prognostic classification and correct management of cSCC.This process often relies on prolonged microscopic examination by experienced pathologists.However,traditional microscopic imaging techniques,which primarily rely on RGB images,have a limited ability to provide additional dimensional information and demand high levels of expertise from physicians.Moreover,inconsistencies in staining standards across different laboratories may lead to uneven staining or overstaining,which could affect the uniformity of diagnostic outcomes.To improve the diagnostic accuracy of cSCC and reduce the labor intensity of pathologists,multispectral imaging(MSI)technology was used to analyze pathological slices from both cSCC and normal skin tissues.Methods Multispectral imaging(MSI)technology offers both spatial morphology and spectral information across various bands,captures more useful components or markers,and provides physicians with a richer diagnostic basis.In this study,we developed an automated multispectral microscopic imaging system based on narrowband LED illumination.The core of the system is composed of 13 narrow-band LED lighting units that cover a spectral range of 420‒680 nm,which provides more diagnostic information than do traditional RGB imaging techniques.The system is equipped with a precision motorized translation stage that facilitates the automated and systematic scanning of tissue samples as well as the capture of clear images with a high-resolution CMOS camera.A software interface developed using the Qt framework offers an intuitive operational environment that allows adjustments to be made to the wavelength selection and exposure settings and also allows for real-time imag

关 键 词：生物医学光学 多光谱成像 图像分割 细胞核质比 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]