基于激光毛化的不锈钢与GFRP单面单点电阻焊接工艺及性能研究  

Single Side Resistance Spot Welding Process and Performance of Stainless Steel and Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics Based on Laser Texturing

作　　者：檀财旺 王世嘉[1] 苏健晖 韩晓辉 陈波 宋晓国 Tan Caiwang;Wang Shijia;Su Jianhui;Han Xiaohui;Chen Bo;Song Xiaoguo(Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Special Welding Technology,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology(Weihai),Weihai 264209,Shandong,China;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150o01,Heilongjiang,China;CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co.,LTD.,Qingdao 2661ll,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学(威海)材料科学与工程学院山东特种焊接技术重点实验室,山东威海264209 [2]哈尔滨工业大学先进焊接与连接国家重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [3]中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司,山东青岛266111

出　　处：《中国激光》2024年第16期1-11,共11页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52074097);山东省泰山学者青年专家计划(tsqn202211307);山东省优秀青年基金(ZR2021YQ30)。

摘　　要：不锈钢与玻璃纤维增强树脂基复合材料(GFRP)的异质材料复合结构在汽车轻量化领域有着广阔的应用前景。采用激光毛化技术在不锈钢表面制备网格微织构,开展了微织构的引入对不锈钢与GFRP单面单点电阻连接界面的强化机理研究。研究结果表明:表面微织构的引入显著改善了不锈钢表面的润湿性,熔化的GFRP在不锈钢表面由不润湿性转变为润湿性;随着微织构间距的增大,接触角先减小后增大,当微织构间距为0.2 mm时,接触角达到最小值62.4°,此时表面微织构的引入对界面机械嵌合的促进效果最佳;此外,微织构的引入促进了界面化学扩散,使得接头拉剪力达到最大值3548 N,界面失效形式由界面断裂转变为界面断裂与内聚断裂混合的失效形式。Objective Hybrid material structures have various applications in the automotive industry owing to their light weight.Stainless steel,which exhibits good corrosion resistance and remarkable mechanical properties,is widely used in automotive applications.Glass fiber reinforced plastics(GFRPs)that exhibit high specific strength and cost performance have replaced existing materials in applications requiring lightweight materials.Single-side resistance spot welding of stainless steel and GFRP can help combine the advantages of the two materials.However,owing to the difference in the thermal physical properties and chemical structures of these two materials,the combined strength cannot meet industrial requirements.Improving mechanical interlocking and chemical bonding is an effective approach for enhancing the joint performance.The laser joining process can be used to fabricate micro-textures and change the surface chemical state.Thus,micro-textures on the surface of stainless steel are prepared using a nanosecond laser,and the strengthening mechanism of the interface under the influence of the micro-textures is studied.Methods Initially,304 stainless steel and GFRP are selected as base materials.The 304 stainless-steel sheets are subjected to laser texturing.The cruciform mesh micro-texture is selected as the basic morphology of the stainless-steel surface.The grid line uses contained multiple equally spaced scan lines,and a laser processing system supporting software is used to preset different micro-texture widths.The number of laser scanning times is set as 10,and the micro-texture width is set as 0.1-0.5 mm.An optical digital microscope and a field-emission scanning electron microscope are used to detect the laser texture,surface morphology,and fracture surface of the joint.A constant-temperature heating platform and a high-temperature wetting angle measurement system are used to measure the GFRP contact angle on the stainless-steel surface to characterize its wettability.A universal material testing machine is u

关 键 词：激光技术 纳秒激光 微织构 单面单点电阻焊 润湿性 机械嵌合 

分 类 号：TG456.7[金属学及工艺—焊接]