我们为什么要讲道德  

Why Should We Be Moral

作　　者：沈顺福 Shen Shunfu

机构地区：[1]贵阳孔学堂高等研究院 [2]山东大学儒学高等研究院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《中州学刊》2024年第10期89-97,共9页Academic Journal of Zhongzhou

基　　金：山东大学中华民族现代文明建设研究计划“儒学与中国式现代化的观念建设”(24RWZX04)。

摘　　要：道德是道德法则、规则、判断等的简称,其中的核心是道德行为与道德法则。道德行为,如仁,是因循道德法则而产生的活动。法则关联着若干要素并将其整合为一个整体,确保了整体的秩序。在秩序整体中,行为人不仅被约束和规范,而且同时获得某些权利或利益。为了这些利益,人们常常自觉成为整体成员并必然地遵循秩序法则。这是道德法则的目的之一。只有个体的意志能够从众多法则中选择某个法则并遵循它,其中,对法则的遵循确保了整体的秩序,而意志的自主选择则体现了个体的自由。道德的本质在于自由。Morality is an abbreviated name for moral laws,rules,judgments,and so forth,the core of which is moral behaviors and laws.Moral behaviors,such as Ren,are activities that come into being for following moral laws.Law connects the elements into one wholeness and grantees the order of the wholeness.In the wholeness of order,its members are not merely restricted and regulated,but are given rights or benefits as well.For those benefits,people always become members of the wholeness voluntarily and inevitably follow the order laws.This is one of the purposes of moral laws.Only the will of the individual can choose a certain one among the many laws and follow it,among which,the adherence to the law ensures the order of the wholeness,and the independent choice of will re⁃flects the freedom of the individual.The essence of morality lies in freedom.

关 键 词：道德 整体 法则 自由 

分 类 号：B82[哲学宗教—伦理学]