论马克思感性活动存在论的技术哲学思想——以斯蒂格勒、海德格尔为参照  

On the Philosophy of Technology in the Ontology of Marx’s Sensuous Activity:Taking Stiegler and Heidegger as a Reference

作　　者：刘日明[1] 李庆 LIU Ri-ming;LI Qing(School of Humanities,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092;School of Marxism,Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学人文学院,上海200092 [2]浙江水利水电学院马克思主义学院,杭州310018

出　　处：《自然辩证法研究》2024年第9期62-69,共8页Studies in Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国式现代化蕴含的独特文明观研究”(23&ZD032)。

摘　　要：技术的起源、本质与未来是技术哲学中的重要问题。基于实存哲学,斯蒂格勒将技术的起源与人的存在方式关联起来,认为技术起源于人的本质的缺乏;海德格尔则在其存在历史观的基础上视技术为一种解蔽方式,将现代技术的本质规定为“集—置”。然而无论是斯蒂格勒还是海德格尔,二者都根本性地忽视了人的感性活动与技术的本质关联,未能真正做到在存在论的维度上阐明技术的起源与本质,进而无法为技术的未来发展制订正确的方向。根据感性活动的存在论原则,马克思哲学认为技术起源于人的感性交往,技术的本质在人的生产活动中被揭示,技术的未来由“向人复归”的目标制订方向。因此,通过发掘马克思感性活动存在论中所蕴含的技术思想,对于拓展和深化马克思技术哲学的研究具有重要的理论意义。The origin,essence and future of technology are important questions in the philosophy of technology.Based on the philosophy of existence,Stiegler relates the origin of technology to the way of existence of human beings,arguing that technology originates from the lack of human essence;Heidegger,on the basis of his view of the history of being,regards technology as a way of unconcealment,defining the essence of modern technology as“Ge-stell”.However,both Stiegler and Heidegger have inherently neglected the intrinsic connection between human sensuous activity and technology,thus failing to truly elucidate the origin and essence of technology in the dimension of ontology and consequently unable to establish a correct direction for the future development of technology.Based on the ontological principle of sensuous activity,Marx posits that technology originates from human sensuous interactions,with its essence unveiled in human productive activities.The future of technology is guided by the goal of returning to human.Therefore,exploring the philosophical ideas of technology contained in Marx’s new ontology holds significant theoretical significance for expanding and deepening the study of Marxist philosophy of technology.

关 键 词：技术的起源 技术的本质 存在论 马克思 感性活动 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]