我国木质重组材料研究现状与发展  

Basic research status and development in wood-based scrimber in China

作　　者：余养伦[1] 王鲁飞 于文吉[1] YU Yanglun;WANG Lufei;YU Wenji(Research Institute of Wood Industry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Shandong Shengchang New Materials Co.,Ltd.,Linyi 276000,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所,北京100091 [2]山东晟昌新材料有限公司,山东临沂276000

出　　处：《材料工程》2024年第10期15-23,共9页Journal of Materials Engineering

基　　金：高性能木质材料智能制造重大装备研发与产业化(2021SFGC0202)

摘　　要：木质重组材料是一种新型的高性能木质复合材料,在定向重组过程中,木、竹材在湿-热-力和树脂聚合反应作用下发生了一系列复杂的物理和化学变化,木、竹材原有构造特征发生了显著变化,形成了木质重组材料全新的多维构造,这种新构造特征的形成使得重组材料的物理力学性能与木材、竹材等原材料性能相比有了显著改善,并且重组过程中可通过添加不同添加剂赋予木质重组材料阻燃、防腐、防霉、耐候、防虫等新功能,克服了人工速生林木材材质软、强度低、材质不均、易开裂等缺陷,解决了竹材径级小、易劈裂、材质不均等问题,可用于替代优质木材、钢铁、水泥、塑料等建筑材料,具有广泛的应用前景,是实现人工林木材和竹材高效利用的有效途径之一。本文对木、竹材在重组过程中宏观、微观等构造演变,木质重组材料多尺度构造、多层次胶合界面等多维结构形成机制以及多维结构对木质重组材料物理力学性能影响进行了综合评述,提出了木质重组材料细胞选择性增强的观点,归纳了木质重组材料亟待解决的科学问题,建议加强在细胞和分子水平层面,对木质重组材料的理论基础、制造基础和应用基础等进行研究,构建木质重组材料理论体系,从而为人工速生林木材资源高效利用这一国家重大战略需求提供基础理论和技术支撑。Wood-based scrimber is a new type of high-performance wood composite materials,in the process of directional recombination,a series of complex physical and chemical changes have taken place in wood and bamboo under the action of wet-heat-force and resin polymerization,and the original structural characteristics of wood and bamboo have changed significantly,forming a new multi-dimensional structure of wood-based scrimber.The formation of this new structural feature makes the physical and mechanical properties of the recombinant materials improved greatly compared with the properties of the original wood and bamboo.The new functions of flame retardant,anticorrosion,mildew resistance,weather resistance,and insect control of the wood-based scrimbers can be given by adding different additives in the process of recombination,which can overcome the defects such as soft material,low strength,uneven material and easy cracking in the artificial fast-growing forest.It solves the problems of small grade,easy cracking,and unequal material of bamboo,and can be used to replace high-quality wood,steel,cement,plastic,and other building materials.It has a wide range of prospects and is one of the effective ways to realize the efficient utilization of wood and bamboo in plantations.The macro and micro evolution of wood and bamboo in the process of recombination,the formation mechanism of multi-scale structure and multi-level adhesive interface of wood-based scrimbers,and the effects of multi-dimensional structure on the physical and mechanical properties of wood-based scrimbers were comprehensively reviewed,the viewpoint of cell-selective enhancement of wood-based scrimbers was put forward,and the scientific problems to be solved in wood-based scrimbers were summarized.It is suggested that the theoretical basis,manufacturing basis,and application basis of wood-based scrimbers should be studied at the cellular and molecular level,and the theoretical system of wood-based scrimbers should be constructed,so as to provide basic theory a

关 键 词：木质重组材料 工艺技术 科学问题 理论体系 

分 类 号：TS653[轻工技术与工程] TB33[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]