湖南省某高校新生抑郁症状调查  

Prevalence of depressive symptoms among freshmen of a college in Hunan Province

作　　者：彭海燕 龙丽英 陈曦 程明[1,2] PENG Haiyan;LONG Liying;CHEN Xi;CHENG Ming(School of Clinical Medicine,Hunan University of Chinese Medicine,Changsha,Hunan 410208,China;Department of Clinical Psychology,Brain Hospital of Hunan Province(The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province),Changsha,Hunan 410007,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南中医药大学临床医学院,湖南长沙410208 [2]湖南省脑科医院(湖南省第二人民医院)临床心理科,湖南长沙410007

出　　处：《预防医学》2024年第10期901-904,909,共5页China Preventive Medicine Journal

基　　金：湖南省卫生健康委科研计划课题项目(B2019045)。

摘　　要：目的了解大学新生抑郁症状发生情况及其影响因素,为大学生抑郁症状预防和干预提供依据。方法选择湖南省某高校2020—2022年入学新生为调查对象,通过问卷收集基本情况、饮食和睡眠情况等资料,采用患者健康问卷抑郁症状群量表调查抑郁症状;采用多因素logistic回归模型分析抑郁症状的影响因素。结果发放问卷17862份,回收有效问卷16480份,问卷有效率为92.26%。其中2020级新生3374人,2021级7038人,2022级6068人。男生6029人,占36.58%;女生10451人,占63.42%。检出抑郁症状6817人,检出率为41.37%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,女生(OR=1.482,95%CI:1.377~1.594)、升学方式为普高升本(OR=1.561,95%CI:1.348~1.809)、抑郁史(OR=1.990,95%CI:1.513~2.618)、父母婚姻异常(离异,OR=1.197,95%CI:1.064~1.348;其他,OR=1.401,95%CI:1.174~1.672)、饮食异常(轻度,OR=2.833,95%CI:2.585~3.105;中度,OR=6.755,95%CI:4.653~9.808;重度,OR=38.897,95%CI:12.200~124.012)和睡眠异常(轻度,OR=2.785,95%CI:2.593~2.992;中度,OR=9.009,95%CI:7.011~11.578;重度,OR=29.281,95%CI:14.163~60.536)与大学新生抑郁症状发生风险增加有关。结论本次调查的大学新生抑郁症状检出率较高,与性别、升学方式、抑郁史、父母婚姻状况、饮食和睡眠等因素有关。Objective To investigate the prevalence of depressive symptoms among college freshmen and analyze their in⁃fluencing factors,so as to provide insights into the prevention and intervention of depressive symptoms among college students.Methods The freshmen enrolled in a college of Hunan Province from 2020 to 2022 were recruited,and demo⁃graphic data,diet and sleep status were collected using questionnaire surveys.Depressive symptoms were evaluated us⁃ing Patient Health Questionnaire-9.Factors affecting depressive symptoms were analyzed using a multivariable logistic re⁃gression model.Results Totally 17862 questionnaires were allocated,and 16480 valid questionnaires were recovered,with an effective rate of 92.26%.There were 3374 students of 2020 cohort,7038 students of 2021 cohort and 6068 students of 2022 cohort,6029 boys(36.58%)and 10451 girls(63.42%).The prevalence of depressive symptoms among freshmen was 41.37%.Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that female(OR=1.482,95%CI:1.377-1.594),enrolling through the college entrance examination(OR=1.561,95%CI:1.384-1.809),depression history(OR=1.990,95%CI:1.513-2.618),abnormal marital status of parents(divorced,OR=1.197,95%CI:1.064-1.348;other prob⁃lem,OR=1.401,95%CI:1.174-1.672),abnormal diet(mild,OR=2.883,95%CI:2.585-3.105;moderate,OR=6.755,95%CI:4.653-9.808;severe,OR=38.897,95%CI:12.200-124.012)and abnormal sleep(mild,OR=2.785,95%CI:2.593-2.992;moderate,OR=9.009,95%CI:7.011-11.578;severe,OR=29.281,95%CI:14.163-60.536)were associated with in⁃creased risk of depressive symptoms among college freshmen.Conclusion The prevalence of depressive symptoms among college freshmen is relatively high,and is influenced by gender,mode of admission,history of depression,paren⁃tal marital status,diet and sleep.

关 键 词：抑郁症状 大学新生 影响因素 

分 类 号：R749.4[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]