秸秆液化树脂化产物制备生物沥青及性能分析  

Preparation and Performance Analysis of Bio-asphalt from Liquefaction and Resinification of Straw

作　　者：丁湛[1,2] 安琳玉 栗慧峰 田晨曦 周春雨[1,2] 刘丰凯 DING Zhan;AN Linyu;LI Huifeng;TIAN Chenxi;ZHOU Chunyu;LIU Fengkai(College of Water Conservancy and Environment,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China;Key Laboratory of Groundwater Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Areas,Ministry of Education,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China;College of Highway,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710064,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学水利与环境学院,陕西西安710054 [2]长安大学旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710054 [3]长安大学公路学院,陕西西安710064

出　　处：《郑州大学学报（工学版）》2024年第6期25-31,39,共8页Journal of Zhengzhou University（Engineering Science）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52378432);陕西省重点研发计划(2022SF-169);中央高校基本科研业务费(300102212206)。

摘　　要：针对目前利用废木材、农作物秸秆、牲畜粪便、废油等制得生物油,进而部分或完全取代石油基沥青时路用性能不足的问题,提出了一种采用秸秆液化产物树脂化制木质基酚醛树脂部分取代石油基沥青,开发绿色可持续的生物沥青。首先,对秸秆进行组分分离得到纤维素和木质素,对秸秆及其主要组分分别进行液化,探讨秸秆液化的主要影响因素;其次,将液化产物与甲醛反应合成木质基酚醛树脂WPR,并与苯酚反应所得酚醛树脂PR进行对比分析;最后,将树脂以不同比例掺到基质沥青中制备生物沥青,通过各生物沥青的三大指标及黏度,分析生物沥青的性能。结果表明:秸秆的液化速率主要取决于纤维素的液化速率,其液化反应复杂,反应动力学级数为1.71;由树脂得率及液化产物、WPR、PR的FT-IR谱图分析可知,WPR树脂合成率较高,且比PR具有更好的反应活性;仅掺加液化产物制备的生物沥青性能较差,掺加WPR树脂的生物沥青高温稳定性、低温抗裂性能、抗变形能力及温度稳定性均优于基质沥青。Waste wood,crop residues,livestock manure and waste oil,were widely used to produce bio-oil.And then partially or completely replace the petroleum-based asphalt.But the road performance of this asphalt was insufficient.In this study,the development of green and sustainable bio-asphalt to partially replace petroleum-based asphalt with wood-based phenolic resin made by straw liquefaction products was proposed.Firstly,the separation of straw components was carried out to extract cellulose and lignin.Straw and its primary components were liquefied to explore the main factors influencing the liquefaction of straw.Then the liquefied products were combined with formaldehyde to synthesize lignin-based phenolic resin WPR.And the phenolic resin PR,which was obtained from the reaction with phenol,was compared and analyzed.Finally,the resin was put into matrix asphalt with different ratios to prepare bio-asphalt,and the performance of the bio-asphalt was analyzed by the three major indexes of each bio-asphalt and viscosity.The results showed that the liquefaction rate of straw mainly depended on the liquefaction rate of cellulose,and its liquefaction reaction was complex,with a reaction kinetic level of 1.71.From the resin yield and liquefaction products,WPR,PR FT-IR spectral analysis showed that the WPR resin synthesis rate was higher and had a better reactivity than the PR.Only when mixed with the liquefaction products,the performance of the bio-asphalt prepared was poorer.However,when mixed with WPR resin,the bio-asphalt′s high temperature stability,low-temperature cracking resistance,deformation resistance,and temperature stability were better than matrix asphalt.

关 键 词：液化树脂化 木质基树脂 生物沥青 黏度 

分 类 号：TQ917[化学工程] U414[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]