外源性线索诱发大小错觉的心理机制:非随意注意定向还是感觉对比  

Psychological Mechanisms of the Exogenous-Cue-Induced Size Illusion: Involuntary Attentional Orienting versus Sensory Contrast

作　　者：马婉婷 解纪梅 冯成志[1] 冯文锋[1,2] 赵松 Ma Wanting;Xie Jimei;Feng Chengzhi;Feng Wenfeng;Zhao Song(Department of Psychology,School of Education,Soochow University,Suzhou,215123;Research Center for Psychology and Behavioral Sciences,Soochow University,Suzhou,215123)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学教育学院心理学系,苏州215123 [2]苏州大学心理与行为科学研究中心,苏州215123

出　　处：《心理科学》2024年第5期1036-1043,共8页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：科技创新2030-“脑科学与类脑研究”重大项目(2021ZD0202600);国家自然科学基金面上项目(32171048);国家自然科学基金青年项目(32200851);中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2022M710104);江苏省卓越博士后计划(2022ZB591)的资助。

摘　　要：以往研究认为外源性线索通过引起非随意注意定向来诱发大小错觉。然而这些研究中线索通常小于随后呈现于同侧的目标,因此线索诱发的对目标大小的知觉偏差可能仅源于小线索与大目标之间的继时感觉对比。研究引入听觉线索以排除感觉对比,结果显示听觉线索亦能诱发大小错觉,但听觉线索与视觉线索诱发的大小错觉之间无显著相关。研究结果一方面证明外源性线索能通过非随意注意定向来诱发大小错觉,另一方面表明先前研究中视觉线索诱发的大小错觉主要源于线索与目标之间的感觉对比,故明确揭示了外源性线索诱发的大小错觉存在双重机制。Whether attention can change our subjective perception of stimulus appearance is an everlasting research topic in psychology.In the last two decades,a series of psychophysical studies from the Carrasco lab have shown that involuntary attention triggered by an exogenous visual cue can enhance the perceived brightness of the subsequent visual stimulus.More importantly,several recent studies have found that the exogenous visual cue could also expand the perceived range of the stimulus's boundary,leading to a"size illusion".Accordingly,these studies have consistently suggested that the exogenous cue induces the size illusion also by triggering involuntary attentional orienting.However,it is noteworthy that when the target at the cued location was perceived as being larger than the same-size target at the uncued location in these studies,the cue was unexceptionally smaller than the subsequent target that appeared in the same location.Therefore,the perceptual bias for the size of the cued target may not be entirely due to the involuntary attentional orienting induced by the cue;instead,it may partially result from sensory contrast induced by the temporal and spatial proximity between the small cue and the large target that was cued.Given that salient unilateral auditory stimuli have been shown to be effective at triggering involuntary attentional orienting,Experiment 1 replaced the previous visual cue with an auditory cue(Fig.1A)to determine whether involuntary attentional orienting contributes to the exogenous-cue-induced size illusion at all under the premise of excluding sensory contrast in size between cue and target.Besides,Experiment 1 also designed a visual-cue task(Fig.1B)to further clarify the degree to which involuntary attentional orienting(and hence sensory contrast)contributes to the previously reported visual-cue-induced size illusion,which was done by calculating the correlation between the magnitudes of size illusions in the visual-cue and auditory-cue tasks.On each trial of Experiment 1,a spatially non

关 键 词：外源性线索 听觉线索 视觉线索 大小错觉 非随意注意定向 感觉对比 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]