先验的图型、经验性的图型及其统一性  

Transcendental Schema,Empirical Schemata and the Unity

作　　者：杨云飞[1,2] Yang Yunfei

机构地区：[1]武汉大学哲学学院,武汉430072 [2]武汉大学德国哲学研究所,武汉430072

出　　处：《中山大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第5期133-142,共10页Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：《纯粹理性批判》中的图型论是康德理论哲学研究的难点之一。相关研究的一个局限在于并未将纯粹知性概念的图型(先验的图型)和感性概念的图型(经验性的图型)统合起来。首先,由于范畴与现象具有异质性,范畴需通过先验的时间规定或时间图型这一中介,才可应用于现象。先验的时间图型使得一般认识对象得以可能。其次,感性概念的对象虽具有形象并与现象同质,却同样需借助某种图型才可获得普遍的表象。感性概念的图型是经验性的,构成了具体经验对象的建构方式。最后,先验的图型与经验性的图型的统一性在于:两者作为先验想象力在不同层面的产物,体现了不同层次的综合活动,共同构成了认识对象得以可能的机制。The theory of schema in the Critique of Pure Reason is one of the difficulties in the study of Kant’s theoretical philosophy.One limitation of related studies is that they do not unify the schema of pure concepts of the understanding(transcendental schema)and those of sensible concepts(empirical schema).This paper provides a systematic interpretation of the two types of schemas.First,due to the heterogeneity of categories and phenomena,categories need to be mediated by a transcendental time-determination or time-schema before they can be applied to phenomena.The time-schema makes it possible to recognize objects in general.Second,although the objects of sensible concepts have images and thereby are homogeneous with phenomena,they require some kind of schema in order to obtain a universal representation.The schema of sensible concepts is empirical and constitutes the framework in which concrete experiential objects are constructed.Finally,the transcendental schema and the empirical schema are products of the pure a priori imagination(transcendental imagination)at different levels,and together they constitute the mechanism by which the objects of knowledge are made possible.

关 键 词：康德 先验的图型 经验性的图型 先验想象力 

分 类 号：B516.31[哲学宗教—外国哲学]