税收负担、配套制度供给与FDI流动  

Tax Burden,Supporting System Supply and FDI Flow

作　　者：吕洋 寇海洁 高子茗 LV Yang;KOU Hai-jie;GAO Zi-ming

机构地区：[1]南开大学经济学院 [2]福建农林大学经济与管理学院

出　　处：《产经评论》2024年第4期145-160,共16页Industrial Economic Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“新发展格局下金融结构优化与高质量技术创新研究”(项目编号:21&ZD112,项目负责人:李俊青)。

摘　　要：以减税为主要内容的引资优惠政策是FDI竞争实践的重要手段,但税收政策的效果存疑。以新新经济地理学理论为基础,从配套制度供给的视角讨论税收负担对FDI流动的影响。理论研究表明:(1)东道国降低税负可以促进FDI流入,但是政策实施存在有效门槛值;(2)东道国以制度环境和社会信任为主体的配套制度供给质量的提升将导致外资企业临界生产率提高,并削弱税负水平对FDI流入的负向影响。在此基础上,基于1998-2013年中国工业企业数据进行实证检验,结果表明:在我国地区FDI竞争实践中,税收政策作用被大幅削弱的同时,配套制度供给的作用越来越强,地区制度环境的改善和社会信任水平的提高不仅有助于FDI规模的扩张,还有助于FDI质量的提升。由此可见,减税并不是招商引资的最优政策选择,应以完善的法律制度、良好的社会信任体系,高质量引进外资。Preferential policies for attracting foreign investment with tax reduction as the main content are important means of FDI competition practice in reality,but the effect of tax policies is questionable.Based on the theory of New New Economic Geography,this paper discusses the influence of tax burden on FDI flow from the perspective of supporting system supply.Theoretical research shows that:(1)Reducing the tax burden of the host country can promote the inflow of FDI,but there is an effective“threshold”for policy implementation;(2)The improvement of the supply quality of the supporting systems in the host country with institutional environment and social trust as the main body will lead to the increase of the critical productivity of foreign capital migration enterprises and weaken the negative impact of tax burden on FDI inflows.On this basis,empirical tests were conducted based on the China Industrial Enterprise Database from 1998 to 2013.The results showed that in the practice of regional FDI competition in China,while the role of tax policies was greatly weakened,the role of supporting institutional supply was becoming stronger.The improvement of regional institutional environment and the increase of social trust not only contribute to the expansion of FDI scale,but also to the improvement of FDI quality.From this,it can be seen that tax reduction is not the optimal policy choice for expanding investment.A sound legal system,a good social trust system,and high-quality introduction of foreign investment should be adopted.

关 键 词：税收竞争 FDI流动 制度环境 社会信任 FDI质量 

分 类 号：F062.9[经济管理—政治经济学]