中国企业R&D全球化与创新能力升级:一个区位-关系视角的解释框架  

R&D globalization and innovation upgrading of Chinese enterprises:An explanatory framework from location-connection perspective

作　　者：胡曙虹 杜德斌[2] 段德忠[2] 张宓之[1] HU Shuhong;DU Debin;DUAN Dezhong;ZHANG Mizhi(Shanghai Institute for Science of Science,Shanghai 200031,China;Institute for Global Innovation and Development,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市科学学研究所,上海200031 [2]华东师范大学全球创新与发展研究院,上海200062

出　　处：《世界地理研究》2024年第9期45-56,共12页World Regional Studies

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(41901152)。

摘　　要：地理学对解释企业研发(R&D)全球化布局具有明显的理论优势,在国际直接投资理论基础上,结合经济地理学相关理论,从区位与关系两个维度构建中国企业R&D全球化的分析框架,并以华为为例分析企业R&D全球化的时空格局特征,以及R&D全球化与企业创新能力升级的相互作用机理以印证该解释框架的可适性。研究认为,企业在相关领域的自主创新能力及技术吸收能力积累是其通过R&D全球化提升核心竞争力的前提。在此基础上,选择合适区位充分利用东道国的技术优势和丰富的创新资源持续布局海外R&D中心,同时依托良好的国家间关系及中国企业与东道国企业、高校和科研院所的合作网络关系是企业获取创新资源及知识溢出以实现技术升级的重要战略选择。但在全球科技竞争日趋激烈及贸易保护主义盛行的背景下,国家间关系的变化对中国企业R&D全球化布局具有很大影响,也应作为中国企业海外R&D投资考虑的重要因素。最后,借鉴华为的发展经验,对中国企业选择合适区位有效实施海外R&D投资以提升企业创新能力以及相关部门制定政策措施鼓励中国企业R&D全球化布局提出建议。Geography has obvious theoretical advantages in explaining the globalization of en-terprises'R&D.Based on the theory of international direct investment and the relevant theories of economic geography,this paper constructs an analytical framework for the globalization of Chinese enterprises'R&D from the two dimensions of location and relationship,and takes Hua-wei as an example to analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics of enterprise R&D globalization and the interaction mechanism between R&D globalization and enterprise innovation capability upgrading,so as to confirm the applicability of the interpretation framework.The study believes that the independent innovation ability and technology absorption ability accumulated by enter-prises in related fields are the prerequisites for their R&D globalization.On this basis,choosing a suitable location to continue to deploy overseas R&D centers,making full use of the technical advantages and rich innovation resources of the host country,and relying on good inter-state rela-tions and the cooperation network relationship between Chinese enterprises and host country en-terprises,universities and research institutes are important strategic choices for enterprises to ob-tain innovation resources and knowledge spillover to achieve technological upgrading.Howev-er,in the context of increasingly fierce global science and technology competition and the preva-lence of trade protectionism,the changes in inter-state relations have had a great impact on the R&D globalization of Chinese enterprises,and should also be regarded as an important factor for Chinese enterprises to consider overseas R&D investment.Finally,drawing on Huawei's R&D globalization development experience,suggestions are made for Chinese enterprises to choose appropriate locations to effectively implement overseas R&D investment to enhance their inno-vation capabilities.At the same time,it also provides theoretical and case support for relevant departments to formulate policies and measures to encourage Chinese

关 键 词：区位-关系视角 中国企业 R&D全球化 创新能力升级 华为 

分 类 号：F273.1[经济管理—企业管理]