动脉粥样硬化实验兔血液滞后环、黏弹性、触变性研究以及脑基底动脉内皮细胞扫描电镜观察  

Studies on Blood Hysteresis Loops,Viscoelasticity and Thixotropy,and Scanning Electromicroscopic Observation on Endothelial Cells from Cerebral Basilar Arteries for Experimental Atheroscleosis Rabbits

作　　者：施永德[1] 秦芝九 陈丽莲 唐镇生 顾国柱 杨景文[4] 乐忠庆[4] 陈蓉莉 陈生申 步燕芳 SHI Yong-de;QIN Zhi-jiu;CHEN Li-lian;TANG Zhen-sheng;GU Guo-zhu;YANG Jing-wen;YUE Zhong-qing;CHEN Rong-li;CHEN Shen-sheng;BU Yan-fang(Deprtment of Biophysics,Shanghai Medical College,Fudan University,Shanghai,200032,China;Institute of Neurology&Deprtment of Neurology,Huashan Hospital,Shanghai Medical College,Fudan University,Shanghai,200040,China;Deprtment of Histology and Embryology,Shanghai Medical College,Fudan University,Shanghai,200032,China;Shanghai No.9 People's Hospital,Shanghai,200011,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学上海医学院生物物理学教研室,上海200032 [2]复旦大学上海医学院神经病学研究所与华山医院神经科,上海200040 [3]复旦大学上海医学院组织胚胎学教研室,上海200032 [4]上海市第九人民医院,上海200011

出　　处：《中国血液流变学杂志》2024年第2期172-181,F0002,共11页Chinese Journal of Hemorheology

摘　　要：目的检测动脉粥样硬化模型的滞后环、黏弹性、触变性等流变学指标,并进行脑基底动脉内腔面内皮细胞扫描电镜观察,以阐明动脉粥样硬化机理。方法设计了4个实验动物组:A组(对照组),B组(动脉粥样硬化组),C组(甘露醇干预组),D组(动脉粥样硬化+甘露醇干预组)。实验兔喂以高脂、高胆固醇食物,造成动脉粥样硬化模型。4组动物饲养到期后抽静脉血,采用上海航天局研制的HT流变仪,进行血液滞后环、黏弹性、触变性等流变学指标的检测。获取4组动物的脑基底动脉标本,继之进行其内腔面内皮细胞的扫描电镜观察。结果(1)与A组相比,B组的血液滞后环、黏弹性、触变性等多项流变学的指标,观察到有高调76%,促动脉粥样硬化方向的变化数据。(2)与A组相比,C组与D组的血液滞后环、黏弹性、触变性等多项流变学的指标,由于甘露醇的血液扩容作用,出现约50%的血液滞后环、黏弹性、触变性等流变学指标的低调变化。(3)脑基底动脉内腔面的内皮细胞扫描电镜观察展示:A组,表面平整,细胞呈长梭形,细胞长轴与血管长轴平行排列,细胞间连接紧密;B组,内膜内皮细胞高低不平,呈搓板状,细胞间的连接断断续续,部分内皮细胞肿胀隆起,表面微绒毛少而粗短;C组,内膜内皮细胞基本平整,但有少量非特异性损伤,部分内皮细胞隆起,如同卵石状态排列,示细胞的体积明显缩小;D组,具有B与C两组共有特点,内皮细胞排列比较紊乱,但基本上仍平行于血管的长轴,隐约可见一些接近正常的内皮细胞。结论(1)从血液滞后环角度,观察到正常人与正常兔子间有一定程度的区别。该文已成功制作动脉粥样硬化模型,应用甘露醇进行干预后血液滞后环有明显的变化。(2)从兔脑基底动脉内皮细胞扫描电镜观察展示,A组细胞具有健康性,但B组的细胞已受损。C、D两组的内皮细胞,既没有A组那么好,也�Objective To detect the hysteresis loops,visco-elasticity and thixotropy of atherosclerosis model and observe the endothelial cells of cerebral basilar artery under scanning electron microscope,so as to clarify the mechanism of atherosclerosis.Methods The rabbits were divided into 4 groups:Group A(control group),Group B(atherosclerosis group),Group C(mannitol intervention group),Group D(atherosclerosis+mannitol intervention group).The rabbits were feeded on diet with high fat and cholesterol,to become an animal model of altheroscleosis.In due time,the samples of blood were taken via venous from above 4 groups.The HT Rheometer developed by Shanghai Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation was used to test rheological indicators such as blood hysteresis loop,viscoelasticity,and thixotropy.In due time the samples of endothelian cells of cerebral basilar arterial lumen of the 4 animal groups were obtained,and the scanning electro-microscopic observation for the cells was carried out.Results(1)Comparing to Group A,Group B showed higher up regulation 76%averagedly for its blood hysteresis loops,visco-elasticity and thixotropy,which meant such records being promoting development of atherosclerosis.(2)Comparing to Group A,Group C and Group D showed lower down regulation 50%averagedly for its blood hysteresis loops,visco-elasticity and thixotropy,because of mannitol injection leading to blood dilation.(3)The scanning electro-microscopic observation for endothelian cells from cerebral basilar arterial lumen of the animal model revealed that:Group A,cells'surface smooth and planarized,cells showing long fusiformis-like,their long axis paralleling to vessel long axis,among cells possessing tight junction.Group B,intima endothelian cells being uneven,appearing washboard-like,among cells having intermittent connections,cell's surface uplifting,cell swilling,microvilli less and thicker and shorter.Group C,intima endothelian cells mainly showing surface smooth and planarized,but still existing some non-specific injury cells,a

关 键 词：动脉粥样硬化 实验兔 血液滞后环 黏弹性 触变性 脑基底动脉 内皮细胞 扫描电镜 

分 类 号：R541.4[医药卫生—心血管疾病] R743.3[医药卫生—内科学]