基于CHARLS数据的中国老年慢性病共病患者抑郁状况及影响因素分析  

Analysis on depression status and influencing factors in Chinese elderly multiple chronic disease patients based on CHARLS data

作　　者：魏萱 王宁 翟向明[3] 李振香 赵洋 WEI Xuan;WANG Ning;ZHAI Xiang-ming;LI Zhen-xiang;ZHAO Yang(Out-patient Department,Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University,Jinan,Shandong 250021,China;Radio and Television Program Department,Shandong Health Promotion and Education Center;School of Health Management,Binzhou Medical College;George Institute for Global Health,the Universityof New South Wales;School of Population and Global Health,University of Melbourne)

机构地区：[1]山东第一医科大学附属省立医院门诊部,山东济南250021 [2]山东省卫生健康宣传教育中心广播电视栏目科 [3]滨州医学院卫生管理学院 [4]新南威尔士大学乔治全球健康研究院 [5]墨尔本大学人口与全球健康学院

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2024年第7期481-486,共6页Preventive Medicine Tribune

基　　金：山东省公共卫生体系建设研究课题项目(GWY202349)。

摘　　要：目的探讨老年慢性病共病患者抑郁现状及影响因素,为制定针对性的抑郁防控措施提供参考依据。方法基于2020年中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)数据,收集年龄≥60岁且慢性病患病数量≥2种的老年人基本特征、慢性病共病情况、抑郁、日常生活活动能力(ADL)和工具性日常生活活动能力(IADL)、社交活动等资料,采用χ^(2)检验分析老年慢性病共病患者的抑郁状况,采用二分类logistic回归分析患者抑郁的影响因素。结果共纳入老年慢性病共病患者5382人,存在抑郁症状者2509人,占46.6%(2509/5382)。老年慢性病共病患者抑郁的影响因素为性别(女OR=1.489,95%CI:1.282~1.731)、居住地(城镇OR=0.688,95%CI:0.593~0.799)、养老保险类别(政府机关/事业单位养老保险OR=0.562,95%CI:0.371~0.851)、医疗保险类别(城镇职工医保/公费医疗OR=0.644,95%CI:0.429~0.968)、是否有配偶/伴侣共同生活(没有OR=1.35,95%CI:1.152~1.582)、对子女满意度(满意OR=0.254,95%CI:0.187~0.345)、夜间睡眠时长(<6 h OR=2.077,95%CI:1.758~2.453)、ADL(未受损OR=0.519,95%CI:0.45~0.597)、IADL(未受损OR=0.462,95%CI:0.401~0.532)、慢性病数量(2种OR=0.599,95%CI:0.518~0.692;3种OR=0.723,95%CI:0.621~0.842),P<0.05。结论老年慢性病共病患者抑郁发生率较高,女性、没有配偶/伴侣共同生活、夜间睡眠时长<6 h是抑郁的危险因素。居住地为城镇、ADL和IADL未受损、对子女满意、患慢性病数量较少、有政府机关/事业单位养老保险、有城镇职工医保/公费医疗医保是抑郁的保护因素。Objective To explore the current status and influencing factors of depression in elderly multiple chronic disease patients,so as to provide the reference for development of targeted depression prevention and control measures.Methods Based on the data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)in 2020,data on the basic characteristics,comorbidities,depression,activities of daily living(ADL)and instrumental activities of daily living(IADL),social activities of elderly people aged≥60years with≥2chronic diseases were collceted.χ^(2) test was used to analyze the depression status of elderly patients with comorbidities of chronic diseases,and binary logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of depression in elderly patients with comorbidities of chronic diseases.Results A total of 5382elderly multiple chronic disease patients were included,of whom 2509had depressive symptoms,accounting for 46.6%(2509/5382).The influencing factors of depression status in elderly multiple chronic disease patients were gender(female OR=1.489,95%CI:1.282-1.731),place of residence(urban OR=0.688,95%CI:0.593-0.799),type of pension insurance(government agency/public institution pension insurance OR=0.562,95%CI:0.371-0.851),type of medical insurance(urban employee medical insurance/public medical insurance OR=0.644,95%CI:0.429-0.968),whether there is a spouse/partner living together(no OR=1.35,95%CI:1.152-1.582),satisfaction with children(satisfaction OR=0.254,95%CI:0.187-0.345).Nighttime sleep duration(<6hours OR=2.077,95%CI:1.758-2.453),ADL(undamaged OR=0.519,95%CI:0.45-0.597),IADL(undamaged OR=0.462,95%CI:0.401-0.532),number of chronic diseases(2types OR=0.599,95%CI:0.518-0.692;3 types OR=0.723,95%CI:0.621-0.842)(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of depression is higher in elderly multi ple chronic disease patients.Women,lack of spouse/partner living together,and nighttime sleep duration<6hours are risk factors for depression.Those who reside in urban areas,have undamaged ADL and IADL,are satisfied wi

关 键 词：老年人 慢性病 共病 抑郁 CHARLS调查 

分 类 号：R749.41[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R212.7[医药卫生—临床医学]