纳米氧化锌对青蒜生长和品质的影响  

Effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Growth and Quality of Green Garlic(Allium sativum)

作　　者：高峰[1] 白耀博[1] 曹丹[1] 刘本文[1] 胡军荣[1] 张新钵 GAO Feng;BAI Yaobo;CAO Dan;LIU Benwen;HU Junrong;ZHANG Xinbo(Xuzhou Vocational College of Bioengineering,Xuzhou 221006,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]徐州生物工程职业技术学院,江苏徐州221006

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2024年第10期97-107,共11页China Vegetables

基　　金：2021年徐州市科技计划项目(KC21138);2023年江苏高校青蓝工程项目。

摘　　要：为明确纳米氧化锌对青蒜生长和品质的影响,以徐州青蒜主栽品种邳州白蒜为试材,对青蒜叶面喷施50 mg·kg^(-1)(S1)、100 mg·kg^(-1)(S2)、200 mg·kg^(-1)(S3)、500 mg·kg^(-1)(S4)浓度的纳米氧化锌,以喷施去离子水作对照(CK)。结果表明,叶面喷施纳米氧化锌能促进青蒜生长并改善其品质。与CK相比,S1~S4处理的株高、叶宽、假茎长和假茎粗分别提高7%~16%、6%~19%、1%~24%和-2%~12%;叶、茎鲜质量和干质量分别提高1%~12%、4%~11%和5%~16%、4%~10%,产量分别提高3%~11%;叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素a+b和类胡萝卜素含量分别提高32%~74%、39%~111%、33%~76%和6%~18%;VC、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、游离氨基酸、大蒜素含量和硝酸还原酶活性分别提高8%~22%、19%~31%、15%~43%、8%~17%、18%~39%和9%~65%;N、P、K、Fe、Ca和Zn含量提高9%~21%、3%~11%、28%~39%、3%~23%、9%~23%和41%~121%。CK、S1、S2、S3和S4处理的综合评价值依次为0.18、0.50、0.67、0.77和0.53。综合来看,叶面喷施200 mg·kg^(-1)纳米氧化锌(S3)为最优处理,青蒜生长最好且品质最佳。To elucidate the impact of zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnONPs)on the growth and quality of green garlic,‘Pizhoubaisuan’,the predominant cultivar of green garlic in Xuzhou,was utilized as the test material.ZnONPs were applied to the foliar surface of green garlic at concentrations of the treatments were as follows:50 mg·kg^(-1)(S1),100 mg·kg^(-1)(S2),200 mg·kg^(-1)(S3),and 500 mg·kg^(-1)(S4),with deionized water sprayed as the control(CK).The results demonstrated that foliar application of zinc oxide nanoparticles facilitated the growth and enhanced the quality of green garlic.The plant height,leaf width,pseudostem length,and pseudostem thickness exhibited increases of 7%to 16%,6%to 19%,1%to 24%,and-2%to 12%,respectively,in the S1 to S4 treatments relative to CK.The fresh and dry weight of the leaf and stem increased by 1%to 12%,4%to 11%and 5%to 16%,4%to 10%,respectively.Additionally,the yield increased by 3%to 11%,respectively.The concentrations of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,chlorophyll a+b,and carotenoids exhibited notable increases,ranging from 32%to 74%,39%to 111%,33%to 76%,and 6%to 18%,respectively.The concentrations of VC,soluble protein,soluble sugar,free amino acid,allicin,and nitrate reductase activity were found to be elevated by 8%to 22%,19%to 31%,15%to 43%,8%to 17%,18%to 39%,and 9%to 65%,respectively.The concentrations of N,P,K,Fe,Ca,and Zn were found to have increased significantly,by 9%to 21%,3%to 11%,28%to 39%,3%to 23%,9%to 23%,and 41%to 121%,respectively.The combined evaluation values of the CK,S1,S2,S3,and S4 treatments were 0.18,0.50,0.67,0.77,and 0.53,respectively.The results demonstrated that the foliar spraying of 200 mg·kg^(-1) ZnO nanoparticles(S3)was the optimal treatment,exhibiting the best growth and quality of green garlic.

关 键 词：青蒜 纳米氧化锌 大蒜素 品质 微量元素 

分 类 号：S633.4[农业科学—蔬菜学]