夏黑葡萄一次果和延后果果实香气及关键基因表达分析  

Analysis of berry aroma and key gene expression in normal and delayed cultivation of Summer Black grapes

作　　者：雷舒敏 王荣 杨国顺[1] 王美军[1] 陈文婷[1] 谭君[1] 戴述雄 许延帅 LEI Shu-min;WANG Rong;YANG Guo-shun;WANG Mei-jun;CHEN Wen-ting;TAN Jun;DAI Shu-xiong;XU Yan-shuai(College of Horticulture,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410014,China;Lixian Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Changde,Hunan 415000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学园艺学院,湖南长沙410014 [2]澧县农业技术推广中心,湖南常德415000

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2024年第8期2295-2309,共15页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32172519);湖南省自然科学区域联合基金项目(2023JJ50063)。

摘　　要：【目的】分析夏黑葡萄常规栽培一次果和延后果果实香气及关键基因表达,为提高湖南地区葡萄果实品质,延长葡萄上市时间及葡萄延后栽培技术提升提供参考依据。【方法】以9年生夏黑葡萄为试验材料,设常规一次果栽培为对照组(T1),分别于2022年5月26日(T2)、6月5日(T3)和6月15日(T4)3个时期对主梢第4节位短截,记录不同处理各阶段物候期,测定葡萄成熟期果实生理指标,包括果实单粒重、明度值(L^(*))、颜色指数、纵径、横径、硬度、可溶性固形物(TSS)和总酸(TA)含量等指标;利用气相色谱—质谱联用法测定不同处理夏黑葡萄果实挥发性香气成分,分析香气物质差异及化合物气味活性值(OAV),并绘制香气特征轮廓;通过对4个处理果实进行转录组测序(RNA-Seq),以|log2 Fold Change|≥1且P<0.05为筛选标准,采用DEGSeq筛选组间差异表达基因(DEG),并分析调控夏黑葡萄花香和玫瑰香的磷酸甲基赤藓醇(MEP)途径和类胡萝卜素代谢途径的关键基因表达量。【结果】T1夏黑葡萄从萌芽至成熟期所需天数较T2、T3和T4多30~39 d,T1成熟期果实单粒重(8.57 g)显著高于T2、T3和T4(P<0.05,下同),T1果实TSS含量最高,显著高于T2和T4,与T3无显著差异(P>0.05),T3果实中TA含量最低,固酸比排序为T3>T1>T4>T2。T1、T2、T3、T4果实中检测出的香气物质种类分别有25、25、24和24种,其中乙酸乙酯、己醛、反式-2-己烯基醛、丙酸酐和苯乙醇为优势化合物,含量占化合物总量95%以上,T3果实中萜烯类化合物的含量相对较高。乙酸异戊酯仅在T1和T3果实中被检测出;T3果实中橙花醇(16.30μg/kg)、香叶醇(8.74μg/kg)和柠檬烯(7.31μg/kg)含量在4个处理中最高。香气物质OAV与香气特征轮廓分析结果显示,T1、T2、T3、T4葡萄果实中分别检出OAV≥1的化合物种类为9、10、10和9种,果香和甜香气味强度最大的为T1,其次为T3,最小的为T4。RNA-Seq结果显示,T1 vs 【Objective】The study analyzed the berry aroma and key gene expression in normal and delayed cultivation of Summer Black grapes,which provided reference for improving the quality of grape berries in Hunan,extending the grape market time,and enhancing the techniques of grape delayed cultivation.【Method】Using nine-year-old Summer Black grape as experimental materials,a normal cultivation was set as the control group(T1).The main shoot was pruned at the fourth node in three separate periods:May 26,2022(T2),June 5,2022(T3),and June 15,2022(T4)respectively.Phenological stages of different treatments were recorded,and physiological indexes of grape berries at ripening stage were measured,including single berry weight,lightness value(L*),color index,vertical diameter,transverse diameter,hardness,total soluble solids(TSS),and total acidity(TA)contents.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)analysis was employed to detect the volatile aroma substances in the Summer Black grapes subjected to different treatments.Differences in aroma substances were analyzed,odor activity values(OAV)of the compounds were calculated,and aroma profiles were depicted.In addition,transcriptome sequencing(RNA-Seq)technology was applied to the berries from the four different delayed cultivation treatments.Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)between groups were screened using DEGSeq with the criteria of|log2 Fold Change|≥1 and P<0.05.Expression levels of key genes involved in the methylerythritol phosphate(MEP)pathway and carotenes metabolism pathway,which regulated floral aroma and rosey aroma in Summer Black grapes,were analyzed.【Result】The results showed that,the number of days required for the T1 Summer Black grapes from budding stage to ripening stage was 30-39 d longer compared to T2,T3,and T4.The single berry weight of T1 at ripening stage(8.57 g)was significantly higher than that of T2,T3,and T4(P<0.05,the same below).Moreover,berries in T1 exhibited the highest TSS content,significantly higher than T2 and T4,while had no

关 键 词：夏黑葡萄 延后栽培 果实品质 香气 转录组 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]