蟾皮有效成分提取工艺优化及其体外抑菌试验  

Optimization of extraction of active ingredients from toad skin and related antibacterial experiment in vitro

作　　者：陈晶 胡晶红[1] 郭媛媛 刘芳瑞[1] 夏厚凯 张继法 CHEN Jing;HU Jing-hong;GUO Yuan-yuan;LIU Fang-rui;XIA Hou-kai;ZHANG Ji-fa(School of Pharmacy,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250355;Shandong Kangyuantang Traditional Chinese Medicine Slices Co.,Ltd.,Jining Shandong 277600;Kangyu Traditional Chinese Medicine Co.,Ltd.,Rizhao Shandong 276800)

机构地区：[1]山东中医药大学药学院,济南250355 [2]山东康源堂中药饮片股份有限公司,山东济宁277600 [3]康宇中药材有限公司,山东日照276800

出　　处：《中南药学》2024年第10期2618-2623,共6页Central South Pharmacy

基　　金：山东省重点研发(乡村振兴提振计划)项目(No.2022TZXD0035);日照市重点研发计划项目(No.2021ZDYF010118)。

摘　　要：目的确定蟾皮中吲哚生物碱、华蟾酥毒基、脂蟾毒配基、蟾毒灵含量的指标权重,优化蟾皮提取工艺,并对最优工艺下蟾皮提取物的抑菌活性进行研究。方法基于乙醇浓度、料液比、回流时间、回流次数单因素试验结果,以吲哚生物碱、华蟾酥毒基、脂蟾毒配基、蟾毒灵的含量为评价指标,运用层次分析法确定指标权重系数,结合正交试验结果优化蟾皮提取工艺参数,并采用倍比稀释法测定蟾皮提取物的抑菌活性。结果蟾皮提取物中指标成分吲哚生物碱、华蟾酥毒基、脂蟾毒配基、蟾毒灵含量的权重系数分别为0.3507、0.3507、0.1892、0.1093,最终以乙醇浓度80%、料液比1∶20、加热回流2.5 h、提取2次为最佳提取工艺。抑菌试验中,蟾皮提取物对大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌具有良好的抑菌活性。结论层次分析法结合正交试验优化的蟾皮提取工艺稳定可行、重复性好。Objective To determine the index weight of alkaloids,cinobufagin,resibufogenin,and bufalin in toad skin,optimize the extraction of toad skin,and study the antibacterial activity of toad skin extract.Methods Based on the single-factor experiments,the ethanol concentration,solid-liquid ratio,reflux time,and reflux times,the content of alkaloids,cinobufotalin,resibufogenin,and bufalin were used as evaluation indexes,and the weight coefficients were determined with hierarchy analysis.Combined with the orthogonal experiments,the extraction parameters of toad skin were optimized,and their antibacterial activities were determined by the multiple dilution method.Results The weight coefficients for alkaloids,cinobufagin,resibufogenin,and bufalin were 0.3507,0.3507,0.1892,and 0.1093,respectively.The optimal extraction included 80%ethanol concentration,solid-liquid at 1∶20,two extractions and 2.5 h each time.The extract had certain inhibition on Escherichia coli,Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus.Conclusion The extraction process of toad skin optimized by hierarchy analysis combined with orthogonal experiment is stable,feasible and reproducible.

关 键 词：蟾皮 层次分析 正交试验 抑菌活性 

分 类 号：R282.4[医药卫生—中药学] R285[医药卫生—中医学]