螺旋桨穿孔结构声学软叶片设计与试验研究  

Design and experimental investigation of perforated acoustic soft blade for counter-rotating propeller

作　　者：杨嘉丰 聂彦平 燕群[1] 卫凯 薛东文[1] YANG Jiafeng;NIE Yanping;YAN Qun;WEI Kai;XUE Dongwen(National Key Laboratory of Strength and Structural Integrity,Aircraft Strength Research Institute of China,Xi’an 710065,China;Design and Research Institute,AVIC Shaanxi Aircraft Industry Co.,Ltd.,Hanzhong 723000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国飞机强度研究所强度与结构完整性全国重点试验室,西安710065 [2]航空工业陕西飞机工业(集团)有限公司设计研究院,汉中723000

出　　处：《航空工程进展》2024年第5期162-171,共10页Advances in Aeronautical Science and Engineering

基　　金：中国飞机强度研究所基础创新中心课题(BYST-CKKJ-22-015)。

摘　　要：对转螺旋桨气动噪声的产生机理十分复杂,而且螺旋桨飞机并无短舱声衬等被动降噪部件可以在传播过程中吸收噪声,螺旋桨噪声会直接辐射向机身和周围环境,噪声问题突出,降低螺旋桨噪声源强度是研制低噪声螺旋桨飞机的关键。采用CFD和远场噪声评估相结合的方法,通过在螺旋叶尖吸力面前缘布置“小孔+贯穿通道”结构,构成“软叶片”模块,以平衡叶片前缘处的压力峰值,降低螺旋桨产生的载荷噪声;根据设计结果加工制造出常规桨和软叶片螺旋桨,依托对转螺旋桨气动噪声试验系统开展气动噪声试验。结果表明:在所测试的工况范围内,穿孔结构对转螺旋桨可以在保证气动性能的前提下有效降低噪声,在对飞机舱内影响最显著的90°指向角处,二阶通过频率处降噪量达5 dB。The mechanism of contra-rotating propeller's aerodynamic noise is very complicated,and propeller-driv-en aircraft is not equipped passive noise reduction components such as nacelle liner to absorb noise during sound transmission,the noise generated by propeller will straightforward radiated to the fuselage and surrounding.There-fore,reducing the intensity of propeller noise is the key to the development of low-noise propeller aircraft.In this paper,a"soft blade"module is formed by placing a"small hole and through channel"structure on the suction front edge of spiral blade tip to balance the peak pressure at the leading edge of blade and reduce the load noise.Accord-ing to the optimal parameters,the conventional propeller and the soft-blade propeller are manufactured,and the ra-diation noise measurement is carried out on the basis of the counter-rotating propeller aerodynamic noise test sys-tem.The results show that the counter-rotating propeller with perforated structure can effectively reduce the noise as well as ensuring the aerodynamic performance.At the 90°pointing angle,which has the most significant effect on the aircraft cabin,the noise reduction at the second-order passing frequency reaches 5 dB.

关 键 词：对转螺旋桨 气动噪声 降噪 穿孔结构 声学测量 

分 类 号：V211.44[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程] V228