家庭养育环境、家庭功能及社会经济地位与3岁儿童自闭症行为的关联  

The association between family rearing environment,family functioning,socioeconomic status,and autism behaviors in 3-year-old children

作　　者：谢芳芳 高国朋 谢亮亮 曹慧 翁婷婷 汪素美 陶芳标[2] 严双琴 XIE Fang-fang;GAO Guo-peng;XIE Liang-liang;CAO Hui;WENG Ting-ting;WANG Su-mei;TAO Fang-biao;YAN Shuang-qin(Department of Child Health Care,Ma'anshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Ma'anshan,Anhui 243000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]马鞍山市妇幼保健院儿童保健科,安徽马鞍山243000 [2]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系/出生人口健康教育部重点实验室/人口健康与优生安徽省重点实验室,安徽合肥230032

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第19期3535-3539,3550,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：2017年马鞍山市科技计划项目(YL-2017-01);2018年合生元母婴营养与健康研究项目(2018FYH009)。

摘　　要：目的探究3岁儿童自闭症行为与家庭系统因素的关联。方法利用马鞍山母婴健康出生队列(M-MIH)数据,采集M-MIH中儿童36月龄阶段的家庭调查数据,通过χ^(2)检验、t检验和logistic回归分析,探究家庭养育环境、家庭功能和家庭社会经济地位与儿童自闭症行为的关联。结果共采集有效家庭数据1284例,其中141例(11.0%)儿童经筛查存在自闭症行为,克氏孤独症行为量表平均得分为(7.87±4.35)分。结果显示,家庭养育环境-忽视惩罚(OR=0.964,95%CI:0.931~0.999)、家庭功能-沟通(OR=0.862,95%CI:0.773~0.962)、家庭功能-情感反应(OR=0.709,95%CI:0.521~0.965)对自闭症行为存在显著保护效应(P=0.008~0.043);家庭月收入<4000元(OR=1.825,95%CI:1.254~2.655)、父母均非本科(OR=1.943,95%CI:1.197~3.153)对自闭症行为的发生则存在显著促进效应(P=0.002~0.007)。结论马鞍山地区3岁儿童存在较高自闭症行为检出率。建议加强对自闭症高危家庭的关注和筛查,帮助家长掌握良好沟通和情感反应技巧,改善家庭养育环境,促进儿童心理健康发展。Objective To investigate the relationship between autism behaviors in 3-year-old children and family system fac-tors.Methods Utilizing data from the Ma'anshan Maternal and Infant Health Birth Cohort(M-MIH),family survey data at 36 months of age were collected.Chi-square tests,t-tests,and logistic regression analyses were conducted to explore the associ-ations between family rearing environment,family functioning,and family socioeconomic status with children's autism be-haviors.Results A total of 1284 valid family data entries were collected,with 141 cases(11.0%)of children screened posi-tive for autism behaviors,yielding an average score of(7.87±4.35)on the Childhood Autism Rating Scale.The results indicat-ed significant protective effects of family rearing environmentneglect and punishment(OR=0.964,95%CI:0.931-0.999),family functioningcommunication(OR=0.862,95%CI:0.773-0.962),and family functioning—emotional responsiveness(0R=0.709,95%CI:0.521-0.965)on autism behaviors(P=0.008-0.043).Conversely,a monthly family income<4000(OR=1.825,95%CI:1.254-2.655)and both parents not having a bachelor's degree(0R=1.943,95%CI:1.197-3.153)were found to significantly promote the occurrence of autism behaviors(P=0.002-0.007).Conclusion There is a high detection rate of autism behaviors among 3-year-old children in the Ma'anshan area.It is recommended to enhance attention and screening for families at high risk for autism,assist parents in acquiring effective communication and emotional responsiveness skills,improve the family rearing environment,and promote the psychological well-being of children.

关 键 词：家庭养育环境 家庭功能 自闭症行为 儿童 马鞍山母婴健康出生队列 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]