江苏土地生态状况评价及其障碍因子诊断  

Evaluation of Land Ecological Status and Diagnosis of Obstacle Factors in Jiangsu,China

作　　者：杨清可 王磊[2] 吕立刚 李颖 范业婷 朱高立 王雅竹 YANG Qing-ke;WANG Lei;LU Li-gang;LI Ying;FAN Ye-ting;ZHU Gao-li;WANG Ya-zhu(School of Public Administration,Nanjing University of Finance&Economics,Nanjing 210023,China;Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;Key Laboratory of Carbon Neutrality and Territory Optimization,Ministry of Natural Resources,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京财经大学公共管理学院,南京210023 [2]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,南京210008 [3]自然资源部碳中和与国土空间优化重点实验室,南京210023

出　　处：《环境科学》2024年第10期5880-5889,共10页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42371191,42271271,42201317);中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所自主部署项目(NIGLAS2022GS06)。

摘　　要：针对土地生态系统的安全问题,从基础、结构、胁迫和效益等层面构建指标体系,采用空间异质性、最小跨度树和障碍因子诊断等模型,探究江苏土地生态状况的基本特征、空间分异与障碍因子.结果表明:①江苏土地生态状况北高南低的分异特征明显,高值区向外辐射减少,而低值中心辐射增加.高值和低值区面积较小,中间值区域面积最大,较高值区位于城郊和边缘地区;②土地生态状况的空间自相关性显著,热点区聚集于苏北,冷点区则在苏南以及泰州、南通的部分地区集聚.冷热点区的空间分布和区域发展水平呈互补格局,发达地区的土地生态指数较低,欠发达地区较高;③江苏Ⅰ类一级土地生态区的自然条件优越,建设效益好,生态状况水平高.障碍因子主要为水域比例、林地年退化率等.Ⅱ类一级生态区多位于淮南地区,以平原地貌为主.Ⅲ类一级生态区面积最大,位于苏南沿江地区.障碍因子主要为耕地年退化率、土壤污染面积比例等,可通过管控土地生态风险,提高危机预警水平.根据土地生态状况评价及障碍因子诊断研究,明确土地生态系统的运行情况,提出可持续利用的相关建议,可为优化江苏土地资源管理提供依据.By constructing a land ecological evaluation index system at the village scale and using models such as spatial correlation analysis,hotspot analysis,and obstacle factor diagnosis,the basic characteristics,spatial differentiation,and obstacle factors of land ecological status in Jiangsu Province were studied.This study sought to clarify the foundation,structure,function,and benefit characteristics of land ecosystems and optimize land management and policy regulation.The results showed that:①The spatial distribution of land ecological status in Jiangsu Province was high in the north and low in the south,with multiple high-value areas radiating outward and decreasing,with low value centers radiating outward and increasing.The distribution area of the highest and lower values was relatively small,whereas the area of the middle value area was the largest.The higher values were mainly distributed in the suburbs and edge areas of each county.②The spatial autocorrelation of land ecological status in Jiangsu Province was significant,with hot spots mainly concentrated in northern Jiangsu and cold spots concentrated in southern Jiangsu,as well as some areas of Taizhou and Nantong.The spatial distribution of cold and hot spots showed a complementary pattern with the level of regional development.The comprehensive index value of land ecology in developed areas was lower,whereas the index value in underdeveloped areas was higher.③The natural background conditions of ClassⅠland ecological zone in Jiangsu Province were superior,with good ecological construction and benefits and a high level of ecological status.The obstacle factors mainly included the proportion of water bodies and the average annual degradation rate of forest land.The ClassⅡland ecological zone was mostly located in the Huainan region and mainly composed of plain landforms.The ClassⅢland ecological zone had the largest area,located in the riverside areas of southern Jiangsu.The obstacle factors mainly included the average annual degradation rate of

关 键 词：土地生态 空间分异 生态分区 障碍因子 江苏 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]