环戊酮对农田土壤N_(2)O排放的影响及作用机理研究  

The effects and mechanism of cyclopenten-one on N_(2)O emission in agriculture soil

作　　者：王炜[1,2] 王文宇[2] 李雅群 刘凯 张坤 李东伟 李景元 全智 刘恩峰[1] 李杰[2] WANG Wei;WANG Wen-yu;LI Ya-qun;LIU Kai;ZHANG Kun;LI Dong-wei;LI Jing-yuan;QUAN Zhi;LIU En-feng;LI Jie(Shandong Normal University,Jinan Shandong 250358;Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang Liaoning 110016)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学,山东济南250358 [2]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,辽宁沈阳110016

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2024年第8期52-61,共10页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”项目(XLYC2007088,XLYC2008019);辽宁省优秀青年科学计划项目(2022-YQ-05);沈阳市中青年科技创新人才支持计划(RC220330);国家自然科学基金面上项目(42277324);国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD170060106,2022YFD1500105);中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项(XDA28090200);广西科技计划项目(桂科AD20297090)。

摘　　要：旨在明确新型植物源抑制剂环戊酮(CCO)在不同土壤条件下对氧化亚氮(N_(2)O)排放的影响及作用机理。以江西红壤和甘肃漠灌土为研究对象,试验共设3个处理:(1)空白对照(CK);(2)尿素处理(U);(3)CCO处理(U+CCO)。研究发现,施用CCO与单施尿素相比能够延长红壤和漠灌土中铵态氮在土壤中的留存时间,降低土壤硝化作用潜势;与尿素处理相比,CCO处理的N_(2)O累积排放量分别减少74.12%(红壤)和63.19%(漠灌土);荧光定量PCR结果表明,施用尿素能够增加土壤中氨氧化微生物的活性,配施CCO对氨氧化细菌的抑制效果在漠灌土中(85.81%)优于红壤(19.63%),而对氨氧化古菌无明显抑制作用;氮素输入同样能提高反硝化功能基因nirK与nirS的活性,且CCO对两种土壤中nirK与nirS基因均具有显著抑制作用;在不同土壤中,施用CCO抑制反硝化功能基因nirK与nirS活性的持续时间不同,在红壤上对反硝化功能基因nirK与nirS的抑制效果出现在培养的第7 d,而漠灌土出现在第25 d。新型植物源抑制剂CCO主要通过抑制氨氧化细菌和反硝化功能基因nirK与nirS来延缓硝化和反硝化过程,从而减少N_(2)O的排放。The effects of the novel biological inhibitor cyclopenten-one(CCO)on nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)emission in different soils were compared,aiming to investigate the inhibiting mechanism.In this study,two typical agriculture soils(red soil in Jiangxi and irrigated desert soil in Gansu)were collected and used in the incubation experiment in the condition of 25℃and 60%water filled pore space.There were three treatments treated as no urea control(CK),adding urea(U)and adding CCO in urea(U+CCO),respectively.The results showed that the use of CCO prolonged existing of NH^(4)^(+)-N in both two different soils and reduced nitrification potential.The N_(2)O emission was reduced 74.12%(red soil)and 63.19%(irrigated desert soil)by adding CCO in red soil and irrigated desert soil,respectively,compared to the urea treated soil.The real-time PCR results showed that the utilization of urea improved soil ammonia oxidizers’activity.The effects of inhibition of CCO on ammonia oxidizing bacteria amoA gene abundance in irrigated desert soil(85.81%)was better than that in red soil(19.63%),while it was no significant inhibitory effect on ammonia oxidizing archaea.In the meantime,the activity of nirS and nirK gene activity was promoted by the utilization of CCO.The inhibition effect on anti digestion functional gene nirS and nirK appeared on the 7th day of cultivation in red soil,while it appeared on the 25th day in irrigated desert soil.Overall,CCO could inhibit nitrification and denitrification process in red soil and irrigated desert soil by decreasing the activity of nitrification/denitrification functional genes so that reduced the emission of N_(2)O.

关 键 词：环戊酮 N_(2)O排放 硝化与反硝化 氨氧化微生物 

分 类 号：X144[环境科学与工程—环境科学]