汽车天然纤维复合材料轻量化技术  

Lightweight Technology of Natural Fiber Composite Materials for Automobile

作　　者：苏英霞 陈矗 乔蒙 杨毅 SU Yingxia;CHEN Chu;QIAO Meng;YANG Yi(Geely Automobile Research Institute(Ningbo)Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315336,China)

机构地区：[1]吉利汽车研究院(宁波)有限公司,浙江宁波315336

出　　处：《塑料》2024年第5期24-27,共4页Plastics

摘　　要：天然纤维-聚丙烯复合材料具有轻量化的特点,同时能减少石油基塑料在汽车领域的应用比例,满足汽车轻量化及可持续开发的要求。竹纤维-聚丙烯复合材料具有较好的力学性能、热稳定性及生物降解性,并且,质量较轻,在汽车领域具有较好的应用前景。通过综合分析竹纤维增强塑料及麻纤维的力学性能、高温老化/温度交变/湿热老化后性能、气味及防霉性能,对比了两者的增强塑料性能。结果表明,竹纤维增强塑料及麻纤维增强塑料的力学性能接近,可达到汽车内饰常用PP+EPDM-TD20材料的强度及模量,预期质量能减轻15%~40%。与麻纤维增强塑料相比,竹纤维增强塑料的老化性能、气味、防霉性能均较好,竹纤维增强塑料可用于生产汽车内饰零件。Natural fiber polypropylene composite materials could achieve lightweighting while reducing the proportion of petroleum based plastics used in automobiles,meeting the needs of automotive lightweighting and sustainable development.Bamboo fiber polypropylene composite materials had excellent mechanical properties,thermal stability,biodegradability,and light weight,and had great application prospects in the automotive industry.A comparison was made between bamboo fiber reinforced plastics and hemp fiber reinforced plastics in terms of mechanical properties,high-temperature aging/temperature alternating/wet heat aging performance,odor,and mold resistance.The results showed that the mechanical properties of bamboo fiber reinforced plastics and hemp fiber reinforced plastics were comparable,reaching the strength and modulus of PP+EPDM-TD20 materials commonly used in automotive interiors,with an expected weight loss of 15%~40%.Aging,odor and mold resistance,bamboo fiber reinforced plastic were all superior to hemp fiber reinforced plastic.Analysis showed that bamboo fiber reinforced plastic could be applied in automotive interior parts.

关 键 词：轻量化 可持续 竹纤维 增强塑料 汽车 

分 类 号：TQ325.14[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]