基于复杂网络理论的供应链研究  

Supply chain research based on complex network theory

作　　者：崔俊英 徐舒琪 那旭 潘黎明 吕琳媛 Cui Jun-Ying;Xu Shu-Qi;Na Xu;Pan Li-Ming;LüLin-Yuan(Department of Physics,University of Fribourg,Fribourg CH-1700,Switzerland;Institute of Dataspace,Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center,Hefei 230088,China;Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu 611731,China;School of Cyber Science and Technology,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]瑞士弗里堡大学物理学系,弗里堡CH-1700 [2]合肥综合性国家科学中心数据空间研究院,合肥230088 [3]电子科技大学基础与前沿研究院,成都611731 [4]中国科学技术大学网络空间安全学院,合肥230026

出　　处：《物理学报》2024年第19期155-177,共23页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目(批准号:T2293771);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(批准号:62306191);国家留学基金管理委员会(批准号:202108410127)资助的课题。

摘　　要：供应链是由原材料供应商到最终客户的一系列生产和流通过程所形成的链条结构,连接上、下游各个企业之间的关系.供应链包含采购、生产、仓储、分销、客户服务、信息管理和资金管理等不同环节之间的物料、资源、资金和信息等的相互关联流动,从而形成复杂的网链结构.高效可靠的供应链对于增强企业的市场竞争力、推动社会和经济持续发展具有重要意义.近年来,采用复杂网络的理论和方法对供应链进行建模和分析受到了越来越多学者的关注.本文系统性地论述基于实证数据和网络模型两种类型的供应链网络构建研究,在此基础上探讨供应链网络的拓扑结构、脆弱性、关键节点识别、社团检测等结构性质,阐明供应链网络的风险传播、竞争博弈等管理特性.本文综述了基于复杂网络方法的供应链研究内容和前沿热点,论证了复杂网络理论在供应链网络研究中的有效性和适用性,分析了供应链网络研究现存的一些问题,并展望若干未来的重要研究方向.本文期望为供应链研究提供见解,并推动复杂网络方法在供应链研究中的发展和应用.Supply chain is a chain structure formed by the sequential processes of production and distribution,spanning from raw material suppliers to end customers.An efficient and reliable supply chain is of great significance in enhancing enterprise's market competitiveness and promoting sustainable social and economic development.The supply chain includes the interconnected flows of materials,resources,capital,and information across various stages,including procurement,production,warehousing,distribution,customer service,information management,and financial management.By representing the various participants in the supply chain as nodes and their interactions—such as the logistics,capital flow,information flow,and other interactions—as edges,the supply chain can be described and characterized as a complex network.In recent years,using complex network theory and methods to model and analyze supply chains has attracted increasing attention from researchers.This paper systematically reviews the supply chain research based on complex network theory,providing an in-depth analysis of supply chain networks in terms of network construction,structural properties,and management characteristics.First,this paper reviews two kinds of approaches to constructing supply chain network:empirical data-based approach and network model-based approach.In the empirical data-based research,scholars use common supply chain databases or integrate multiple data sources to identify the supply chain participants and clarify their attributes,behaviors,and interactions.Alternatively,the research based on network models employs the Barabási-Albert(BA) model,incorporating factors such as node distance,fitness,and edge weights,or uses hypergraph models to construct supply chain networks.Next,this paper summarizes the research on the structural properties of supply chain networks,focusing on their topological structure,key node identification,community detection,and vulnerability analysis.Relevant studies explore the topological structure of supply

关 键 词：供应链网络 复杂网络 结构性质 管理特性 

分 类 号：F274[经济管理—企业管理] O157.5[经济管理—国民经济]