基于TOA的联合时延无线传感网节点定位算法  

Joint Time Delay Target Node Localization Algorithm Based on TOA in Wireless Sensor Networks

作　　者：常波 张新荣 卞海溢 CHANG Bo;ZHANG Xinrong;BIAN Haiyi(Faculty of Electronic Information Engineering,Huaiyin Institute of Techenology,Huaian Jiangsu 223003,China;Faculty of Automation,Huaiyin Institute of Techenology,Huaian Jiangsu 223003,China)

机构地区：[1]淮阴工学院电子信息工程学院,江苏淮安223003 [2]淮阴工学院自动化学院,江苏淮安223003

出　　处：《传感技术学报》2024年第9期1622-1628,共7页Chinese Journal of Sensors and Actuators

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(62205120)。

摘　　要：针对无线传感器网络中如何准确获取节点位置信息的问题,研究了多径传播条件下基于到达时间(Time-of-Arrival,TOA)并兼顾路径时延的目标定位问题。所提算法在高斯噪声假设基础上,首先根据时间-距离观测模型推导出包含目标位置坐标及时延的测量方程;然后基于加权最小二乘(Weighted Least Squares,WLS)准则,计算出在目标坐标估计性能上严密逼近Cramér-Rao下界(CRLB)的解;最后通过理论分析得出位置和时延的误差方差及算法开销。仿真测试了单节点及多节点场景下测距误差对定位和延时性能的影响,结果表明,所提出算法的估计性能非常接近CRLB的估计性能,明显优于两步加权最小二乘(Two Step Weighted Least Squares,TSWLS)方法。To address the issue of how to accurately acquire node location information in wireless sensor networks,the target localization problem based on time-of-arrival(TOA)while considering the path delay under the condition of multipath propagation is studied.The pro-posed algorithm is based on the assumption of Gaussian noise model.Firstly,according to the time-distance observation model,the meas-urement equation including the target coordinates and time delay is derived.Then,based on the weighted least squares(WLS)criterion,in terms of target coordinate estimation performance,the solution that closely approaches the Cramér-Rao lower bound(CRLB)is calculated.Finally,the error variance and algorithm cost of the position and time delay are calculated through theoretical analysis.The simulations tes-ting the effect of ranging error on localization and delay performance are performed,and the results show that the estimation performance of the proposed algorithm is very close to that of CRLB and significantly better than the two step weighted least squares(TSWLS)method.

关 键 词：节点定位 TOA 测量 多径时延 加权最小二乘 Cramer-Rao 下界 

分 类 号：TP393.0[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]