现代蒙古语名词句法功能的比较研究  

A Comparative Study of the Syntactic Functions of Modern Mongolian Nouns

作　　者：包萨仁图雅 达胡白乙拉[3] Bao Sarantuya;Dabhurbayar(School of Mongolian Studies,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot Inner Mongolia 01002l,China;Hohhot Vocational and Technical College,Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010000,China;Doctoral Supervisor,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010021,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学蒙古学学院 [2]呼和浩特职业技术学院,呼和浩特010021 [3]内蒙古大学,呼和浩特010021

出　　处：《内蒙古社会科学（蒙文版）》2024年第4期76-84,共9页Social Sciences of Inner Mongolia:Mongolian Edition

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“基于标注语料库的蒙古语句法计量研究”(编号:19AYY018);内蒙古自治区民委重大项目“蒙古文拉丁转写标准研究”(编号:22800-54240303)。

摘　　要：蒙古语名词在句子中拥有重要地位,也具有广泛的句法功能,可以充当任何句子成分。现代蒙古语的代表性著作对蒙古语名词的句法功能提出了不同见解。蒙古语名词句法功能的特点主要包括:名词可以充当任何句子成分,但主要作为主语和宾语;主语通常以主格形式出现,偶尔也以从格形式出现;形容词和数词作为主语时通常需要加上主语标志;名词在句中可以充当主格和属格形式的定语;名词作为谓语时通常以主格和属格形式出现;名词以宾格、与格、从格、工具格和共同格形式充当宾语;形容词和名词以部分格形式充当状语;名词通常不支配状语和宾语等等。将这些特征以规则形式结合到蒙古文信息处理中的句法分析和机器翻译等领域,可以显著提高蒙古文信息处理系统的准确率。Mongolian nouns hold an important position in sentences,possessing a wide range of syntactic functions and can serve any sentence component.The representative works of modern Mongolian put forward different views on the syntactic functions of Mongolian nouns.The main characteristics of noun syntactic functions include:nouns can serve any sentence component but primarily function as subjects and objects;subjects usually appear in the nominative case,occasionally in the accusative case;adjectives and numerals serving as subjects usually add subject markers;nouns can serve as modifiers in the nominative and genitive cases within a sentence;when nouns serve as predicates,they take the nominative and genitive forms;nouns function as objects in the accusative,dative,ablative,instrumental,and comitative cases;adjectives and nouns serve as adverbials in the partitive case;nouns generally do not govern adverbials and objects,among others.Applying these characteristics as rules in syntactic analysis and machine translation in Mongolian information processing can significantly enhance system accuracy.

关 键 词：现代蒙古语 句法功能 句子成分 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]