“道”与“在”:关于海德格尔语言本体论的符号学反思  

"Dao"and"Being":A Semiotic Reflection on Martin Heidegger's Linguistic Ontology

作　　者：张杰[1] 余红兵[2,3] Zhang Jie;Yu Hongbing(the School of Foreign Languages at Nanjing Normal University;Nanjing Normal University,associate professor in the Faculty of Arts at Toronto Metropolitan University)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学外国语学院 [2]南京师范大学 [3]多伦多都市大学人文学院

出　　处：《符号与传媒》2024年第2期46-58,共13页Signs & Media

摘　　要：海德格尔的语言本体论从真理存在的方式切入,通过语言表征的“遮蔽”与“去蔽”的关系,力求让真理在语言的表述中“敞开”。然而,他的语言本体论依然沿着探索真理的传统路径,试图解决无法解决的问题,没能让语言脱离表征危机。如果从老庄的道家学说出发,与通常的真理探索之路相反,返回自然,打破固有体系和现存观念的束缚,也许能够更接近包含所谓真理在内的“道”,让语言的本质和真理能够更加自由地“在”。本文从对真理存在的质疑、意义的自反生成和言说的间离作用三个方面,来反思海德格尔的语言本体论,以期把语言存在研究引向深入。Martin Heidegger's linguistic ontology starts with an exploration of the manner in which truth exists,aiming to reveal the truth in linguistic representation through the relationship between“concealment”and“unconcealment”.However,his linguistic ontology continues to follow the conventional path of exploring truth and attempts to solve unsolvable problems without liberating language from the crisis of representation.Departing from the Daoist philosophy of Laozi,in contrast to the conventional path of exploring truth,the return to nature,which breaks free from the constraints of inherent systems and existing concepts,may bring us closer to the“Dao”,encompassing what has often been referred to as truth.This approach might allow the essence of language and truth to manifest more freely.The present paper criticlly reflects on Heidegger's linguistic ontology from three perspectives:the questionable existence of absolute truth,the paradoxical nature of meaning generation,and the distancing effect of discourse.The aim is to lead research on the being of language towards a deeper understanding.

关 键 词：海德格尔 语言本体论 道言观 精神文化符号学 

分 类 号：H0[语言文字—语言学]