性别何以社会学?:中国语境下的研究范式及其生成逻辑  

How to Envision Gender in Sociology?Research Paradigms and Their Regenerative Logics in Chinese Context

作　　者：吴小英[1] WU Xiao-ying(Institute of Sociology,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100732,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院社会学研究所,北京100732

出　　处：《妇女研究论丛》2024年第5期1-16,共16页Journal of Chinese Women＇s Studies

摘　　要：本文在对西方社会学的女性主义“改造”进行简要评述的基础上,考察了中国改革开放以来社会学中的性别研究从女性研究、女性社会学再到性别社会学的学科化演进脉络,并着重讨论了最近十多年来性别议题在国内多重话语和网络时代极致流量化的压力下日益走向敏感化和空间狭小化的新特点。2012年之后性别社会学形成了多样化的研究范式,包括以性别为分层机制的权力等级关系范式,将阶级等重要维度重新带回性别研究的交叉性理论和分析策略,以再生产劳动为切入点重返马克思主义政治经济学的社会再生产理论和妇女解放话语,以及反对异性恋正统霸权的酷儿理论与多元性别研究的本土话语,等等。这些范式虽然共享着女性主义的批判性视角,却生成于中国本土的问题和语境,由此构成彼此交错而又分离的多元共同体。在性别社会学构建本土话语体系的永恒追索中,如何在现有国家话语的框架内找到性别自身的社会学想象力,借助包装、挪移等策略进一步拓展研究和生存空间,成为当下这一领域共同体面临的主要难题。Based on a brief review of the feminist"reformation"of western sociology,this paper examines the evolution of research on gender in sociology in China since the reform and opening up,from women's studies,through sociology of women to sociology of gender.It also discusses the new characteristics of gender issues being increasingly sensitive to the narrowing in space under the pressure of multiple domestic discourses and extreme traffic in the Internet era in the past decade.Since 2012,sociology of gender has formed a variety of research paradigms,including the hierarchy paradigm with gender as the stratification mechanism,the intersectional theory,and analytical strategy that brings back important dimensions such as class to gender-related research.Also included are the social reproductive theory and women's liberation discourse of Marxist political economics,spreading from reproductive labor,to the queer theory and local discourse of pluralistic research that oppose the hegemony of heterosexual orthodoxy.Although these paradigms share the critical perspective of feminism,they are generated from local problems and contexts in China,thus forming a diverse community that is intertwined and yet remains separate.In the eternal pursuit of sociology of gender with localized discourses,questions of how to find the sociological imagination of gender within the framework of the existing national discourse,and how to further expand research and living space with the help of strategies such as packaging and transferring,have become the main issues facing the community in this field.

关 键 词：性别社会学 范式 女性主义 学科化 中国语境 

分 类 号：C913.68[经济管理]